Perrigo Company (PRGO, Financial) has shown fairly stable earnings over the last few years, which may garner some attention from prospective investors; however, Benjamin Graham, the father of value investing, taught that the most important aspect to consider is whether the company is trading at a discount relative to its intrinsic value. It is through a thorough fundamental analysis that the investor is able to make a determination about a potential investment's merits.
The model is inspired by the teachings of Benjamin Graham and considers numerous metrics intended to help the investor reduce risk levels. The first part of the analysis is to determine whether the company is suitable for the very conservative defensive investor or the less conservative enterprising investor, who is willing to spend a greater amount of time conducting further research.
In addition, Graham strongly suggested that investors avoid speculation in order to remove the subjective elements of emotion. This is best achieved by utilizing a systematic approach to analysis that will provide investors with a sense of how a specific company compares to another. By using the ModernGraham method, one can review a company's historical accomplishments and determine an intrinsic value that can be compared across industries.
Defensive InvestorΓ β Must pass at least six of the following seven tests: Score = 5/7
- Adequate Size of Enterprise βΓ Market capitalization of at least $2 billion - PASS
- Sufficiently Strong Financial Condition βΓ Current ratio greater than 2 - PASS
- Earnings Stability βΓ Positive earnings per share for at least 10 straight years - PASS
- Dividend Record βΓ Has paid a dividend for at least 10 straight years - PASS
- Earnings Growth βΓ Earnings per share has increased by at least one-third over the last 10 years, using three-year averages at the beginning and end of the period - PASS
- Moderate PEmg (price over normalized earnings) Ratio βΓ PEmg is less than 20 - FAIL
- Moderate Price-to-PB ratio is less than 2.5 or PB x PEmg is less than 50 - FAIL
Enterprising InvestorΓ β Must pass at least 4 of the following 5 tests to be suitable for a Defensive Investor: Score = 4/5
- Sufficiently Strong Financial Condition, Part 1 βΓ Current ratio greater than 1.5 - PASS
- Sufficiently Strong Financial Condition, Part 2 βΓ Debt-to-Net Current Assets ratio less than 1.1 - FAIL
- Earnings Stability βΓ Positive earnings per share for at least 5 years - PASS
- Dividend Record βΓ Currently pays a dividend - PASS
- Earnings Growth βΓ EPSmg greater than that 5 years ago - PASS
Valuation summary
Key data
| Recent Price | $185.01 |
| MG Value | $44.62 |
| MG Opinion | Overvalued |
| Value Based on 3% Growth | $42.62 |
| Value Based on 0% Growth | $24.98 |
| Market Implied Growth Rate | 27.22% |
| Net Current Asset Value (NCAV) | -$10.42 |
| PEmg | 62.94 |
| Current Ratio | 4.00 |
| PB Ratio | 2.72 |
Balance Sheet - March 2015
| Current Assets | $5,130,000,000 |
| Current Liabilities | $1,284,000,000 |
| Total Debt | $4,368,000,000 |
| Total Assets | $16,183,000,000 |
| Intangible Assets | $9,995,000,000 |
| Total Liabilities | $6,597,000,000 |
| Outstanding Shares | 140,800,000 |
Earnings Per Share
| 2015 (estimate) | $2.16 |
| 2014 | $1.77 |
| 2013 | $4.68 |
| 2012 | $4.27 |
| 2011 | $3.63 |
| 2010 | $2.41 |
| 2009 | $1.54 |
| 2008 | $1.43 |
| 2007 | $0.79 |
| 2006 | $0.76 |
| 2005 | -$4.57 |
Earnings Per Share - ModernGraham
| 2015 (estimate) | $2.94 |
| 2014 | $3.34 |
| 2013 | $3.85 |
| 2012 | $3.17 |
| 2011 | $2.40 |
| 2010 | $1.66 |
Dividend History
Competitive comparison
Perrigo is not very attractive when compared to some of its competitors. For example, a ModernGraham valuation of Pfizer (PFE, Financial) indicates the company is suitable for Enterprising Investors and significantly undervalued while a ModernGraham valuation of Amgen (AMGN, Financial) finds that company to be suitable for Enterprising Investors and fairly valued at the present time.
Conclusion
Perrigo passes the initial requirements of the Enterprising Investor but not the more conservative Defensive Investor. Specifically, the Defensive Investor is concerned with the high PEmg and PB ratios, while the Enterprising Investor is only concerned by the level of debt relative to the net current assets. As a result, all value investors should feel very comfortable proceeding to the next part of the analysis, which is a determination of the company's intrinsic value.
When it comes to that valuation, it is critical to consider the company's earnings history. In this case, it has grown its EPSmg (normalized earnings) from $2.40 in 2011 to only an estimated $2.94 for 2015. This level of demonstrated growth does not support the market's implied estimate for annual earnings growth of 27.22% over the next 7-10 years.
In recent years, the company's actual growth in EPSmg has averaged around 4.45% annually, but the ModernGraham valuation model reduces the actual growth to a more conservative figure when making an estimate, and returns an estimate of intrinsic value well below the current price, indicating that Perrigo is overvalued at the present time.
