Here's a look at moon landing hits and misses
Only five countries have achieved a touchdown
Only five countries have achieved a touchdown
Only five countries have achieved a touchdown
Landing a spacecraft on the moon has long been a series of hits and misses.
Now, a U.S. company has become the first private outfit to achieve a safe moon landing. Only five countries have done it.
Related video above: Odysseus becomes first U.S. lander to touch down on the moon in over 50 years
A lander built by Intuitive Machines through a NASA-sponsored program touched down on the moon Thursday. It ended up tipped over on its side but was working with limited communications, company officials said Friday. On Saturday, it lost power, though it may regain functionality later this month when its solar panels are recharged.
The achievement puts the U.S. back on the moon for the first time since NASA astronauts closed out the Apollo program in 1972.
The moon is littered with wreckage from failed landings over the years. Another U.S. company — Astrobotic Technology — tried to send a lander to the moon last month, but had to give up because of a fuel leak. The crippled lander came crashing back through the atmosphere, burning up over the Pacific Ocean.
Both U.S. businesses are part of NASA's effort to support commercial deliveries to the moon.
A rundown on the moon's winners and losers:
FIRST VICTORIES
The Soviet Union's Luna 9 successfully touched down on the moon in 1966, after its predecessors crashed or missed the moon altogether. The U.S. followed four months later with Surveyor 1. Both countries achieve more robotic landings as the race heats up to land men.
APOLLO RULES
NASA clinches the space race with the Soviets in 1969 with a moon landing by Apollo 11's Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Twelve astronauts explore the surface over six missions, before the program ends with Apollo 17 in 1972. Still the only country to send humans to the moon, the U.S. hopes to return crews to the surface by the end of 2026 or so, a year after a lunar fly-around by astronauts.
CHINA EMERGES
China, in 2013, became the third country to successfully land on the moon, delivering a rover named Yutu, Chinese for "jade rabbit." China followed with the Yutu-2 rover in 2019, this time touching down on the moon's unexplored far side — an impressive first. A sample return mission on the moon's near side in 2020 yielded nearly 4 pounds (1.7 kilograms) of lunar rocks and dirt. Another sample return mission should be launching soon, but this time to the far side. Seen as NASA's biggest moon rival, China aims to put its astronauts on the moon by 2030.
RUSSIA STUMBLES
In 2023, Russia tried for its first moon landing in nearly a half-century, but the Luna 25 spacecraft smashed into the moon. The country's previous lander — 1976's Luna 24 — not only landed but returned moon rocks to Earth.
INDIA TRIUMPHS ON TAKE 2
After its first lander slammed into the moon in 2019, India regrouped and launched Chandrayaan-3 (Hindi for "moon craft") in 2023. The craft successfully touched down, making India the fourth country to score a lunar landing. The win came just four days after Russia's crash-landing.
JAPAN LANDS SIDEWAYS
Japan becomes the fifth country to land successfully on the moon, with its spacecraft touching down in January. The craft landed on the wrong side, compromising its ability to generate solar power, but it managed to crank out pictures and science before falling silent when the long lunar night set in.
PRIVATE TRIES
A privately funded lander from Israel, named Beresheet, Hebrew for "in the beginning," crashed into the moon in 2019. A Japanese entrepreneur's company, ispace, launched a lunar lander in 2023, but it, too, wrecked. Astrobotic Technology, a Pittsburgh company, launched its lander in January, but a fuel leak prevented a landing and doomed the craft. Astrobotic and Intuitive Machines plan more moon deliveries.
___
The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.