The low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet has become quite popular due to its potential advantages for improving metabolic health, weight loss, and cognitive function. However, concerns have been expressed about how it may affect the thyroid and adrenal glands in particular, as well as the balance of hormones. We spoke to Rahul Kamra Founder, Ketorets Nutrition Pvt Ltd, who listed the possible impacts of the ketogenic diet regarding thyroid and adrenal function.
According to StatPearls, the ketogenic diet, often known as the high-fat, low-carb diet, is a nutritional strategy designed to promote energy, improve mental clarity, and aid in weight loss. This diet creates a metabolic condition known as ketosis, in which the body uses fat as its main fuel source rather than carbohydrates, by drastically cutting back on carbs and boosting intake of fat and protein.
Ketogenic Diet's Effect On Thyroid Function
Weight Loss and Metabolic Effects
"Improvements in metabolic markers including insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles, as well as weight loss, are frequently linked to the ketogenic diet. Given that insulin resistance and obesity are known to affect thyroid hormone levels, these modifications may have an indirect impact on thyroid function", said Kamra.
According to an 8-week trial on 39 obese adults published in the Harvard Th Chan School Of Public Health, participants lost a mean of 13% of their initial body weight when put on a very low-calorie ketogenic diet. They also saw significant decreases in blood pressure, insulin levels, fat mass, and waist and hip circumferences.
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Effect on TSH
The ketogenic diet's potential impact on Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels is a further cause for concern. The pituitary gland secretes TSH, which activates the thyroid gland to create thyroid hormones.
Macronutrient Composition
“Thyroid hormone synthesis and conversion may be impacted by the high-fat, low-carb characteristics of the ketogenic diet. Low-carb diets may lower T3 levels, as a result of decreased insulin production”, added Kamra.
Ketogenic Diet's Effect On Adrenal Function
May Experience Stress
Karma said, “The body may experience some early stress from the ketogenic diet as it gets used to burning fat for fuel instead of carbs. The state of metabolic change known as ketosis can trigger the body's stress response, causing the adrenal glands to release cortisol.”
Cortisol Levels
The body's adaptation to decreased carbohydrate intake may initially cause cortisol levels to rise, much like a stress reaction. However, when the body gets used to using ketones for fuel instead of glucose, long-term ketogenic diet adherence may result in lower cortisol levels.
Electrolyte Imbalance
“Changes in sodium, potassium, and magnesium electrolyte balance are frequently brought on by the ketogenic diet. Since these minerals are necessary for healthy adrenal gland function and hormone synthesis, electrolyte imbalances can impact hormone control and adrenal function”, highlighted Kamra.
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Expert Tips To Keep In Mind
Routine Tests
“Routine blood tests every three months are essential for tracking health. These tests monitor important variables for keto dieters, including glucose levels, lipid profiles, and electrolyte imbalances, guaranteeing the diet's effectiveness and safety”, said Kamra. In the meantime, regular thyroid screenings assist in controlling thyroid hormone levels, guaranteeing healthy metabolism and general health.
Monitor TSH Levels
It is crucial to monitor T3, T4, and TSH levels while following a ketogenic diet. The high-fat, low-carbohydrate characteristics of the ketogenic diet may impact metabolism and thyroid hormone synthesis. Ensuring early detection of thyroid monitoring helps to avoid problems, such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.
A well-balanced ketogenic diet can help thyroid and adrenal function by encouraging weight loss, lowering inflammation, and maintaining blood sugar levels.
[Disclaimer: This article contains information provided by an expert and is for informational purposes only. Hence, we advise you to consult your expert before making any dietary changes, especially if you are dealing with any health issues.]