Therapists in Tempe, AZ

View neighborhoods in Tempe
Photo of Shannon J Schiefer, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Shannon J Schiefer
Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85282
Waitlist for new clients
Are you your own worst enemy? Does your inner voice say, "What's wrong with me" "Why did I do that" "I should(n't)..." "I'm not good enough" Together, we can find a different way to relate to yourself. I invite you to consider, when you learn to offer yourself love and compassion, you deepen intimacy, connection and respect within your relationships, increase confidence, achieve goals, and attract your dreams. Once we choose love for ourselves, everything changes! "Our wounds are often openings into the best and most beautiful part of us" ~ Richo
Are you your own worst enemy? Does your inner voice say, "What's wrong with me" "Why did I do that" "I should(n't)..." "I'm not good enough" Together, we can find a different way to relate to yourself. I invite you to consider, when you learn to offer yourself love and compassion, you deepen intimacy, connection and respect within your relationships, increase confidence, achieve goals, and attract your dreams. Once we choose love for ourselves, everything changes! "Our wounds are often openings into the best and most beautiful part of us" ~ Richo
(480) 420-7524 View (480) 420-7524
Photo of Reaghan Gittin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tempe, AZ
Reaghan Gittin
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85283
Hi y'all! As a therapist, I provide a non-judgmental space for you to explore your thoughts and feelings. Whether you're going through a challenging period in life or you seek self-exploration, I will collaborate with you to identify goals that align with who you are, where you currently are in life, and where you want to go. My aim is to help you live more authentically by removing obstacles that may be holding you back and gaining insight into your own unique brand of living. I want to empower you to connect with yourself at a pace that feels comfortable while also encouraging you to ask hard questions.
Hi y'all! As a therapist, I provide a non-judgmental space for you to explore your thoughts and feelings. Whether you're going through a challenging period in life or you seek self-exploration, I will collaborate with you to identify goals that align with who you are, where you currently are in life, and where you want to go. My aim is to help you live more authentically by removing obstacles that may be holding you back and gaining insight into your own unique brand of living. I want to empower you to connect with yourself at a pace that feels comfortable while also encouraging you to ask hard questions.
(480) 660-0198 View (480) 660-0198
Photo of Rachel Hamel, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Tempe, AZ
Rachel Hamel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LAMFT, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85282
As a therapist I try to cultivate a space of safety and non-judgment that allows individuals to experience and express the most vulnerable parts of themselves! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist specializing in couples, family, adults, and adolescent services with experience working with and treating the full spectrum of the life span. I am an Experiential Somatic Therapist. I also utilize expressive art modalities and other creative interventions. Other therapies and modalities I utilize in my practice are CBT, DBT, Family Systems Therapy, Play Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Mindfulness, and Attachment Theory.
As a therapist I try to cultivate a space of safety and non-judgment that allows individuals to experience and express the most vulnerable parts of themselves! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist specializing in couples, family, adults, and adolescent services with experience working with and treating the full spectrum of the life span. I am an Experiential Somatic Therapist. I also utilize expressive art modalities and other creative interventions. Other therapies and modalities I utilize in my practice are CBT, DBT, Family Systems Therapy, Play Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Mindfulness, and Attachment Theory.
(480) 605-3853 x716 View (480) 605-3853 x716
Photo of Alexis Welsh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Alexis Welsh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85283
I am an LGBTQ+ affirming clinician. I’m very proud of you for taking the first step of your healing journey! My approach is supportive and collaborative, using a trauma informed and strength based perspective in hopes of creating a safe environment that allows you to be transparent and work towards restoration. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, grief and other trauma related issues. Together we will navigate difficulties, challenges and transitions in order to help you live a more whole life.
I am an LGBTQ+ affirming clinician. I’m very proud of you for taking the first step of your healing journey! My approach is supportive and collaborative, using a trauma informed and strength based perspective in hopes of creating a safe environment that allows you to be transparent and work towards restoration. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, grief and other trauma related issues. Together we will navigate difficulties, challenges and transitions in order to help you live a more whole life.
(480) 680-7344 View (480) 680-7344
Photo of Amy Burnside, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Amy Burnside
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85284
I want to help you embrace your personal story and live your life in a way that is fulfilling and connected to your personal values. I believe that through increased awareness & acceptance of who you are we can identify behavioral, thought, or emotional patterns that are keeping you stuck. I strive to help clients balance their emotional, psychological, & physical health. Together we can improve your communication skills, decrease emotional reactivity, improve self-esteem & break down internal barriers that prevent you from fully living. I have a down to earth and compassionate style and will help you identify your innate strengths.
I want to help you embrace your personal story and live your life in a way that is fulfilling and connected to your personal values. I believe that through increased awareness & acceptance of who you are we can identify behavioral, thought, or emotional patterns that are keeping you stuck. I strive to help clients balance their emotional, psychological, & physical health. Together we can improve your communication skills, decrease emotional reactivity, improve self-esteem & break down internal barriers that prevent you from fully living. I have a down to earth and compassionate style and will help you identify your innate strengths.
(480) 351-5184 View (480) 351-5184
Photo of John Calendo, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
John Calendo
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85283
Some many people suffer in silence as they try to navigate the overwhelming currents of life. I am here to get in your boat. It is my honor to listen and learn about people's journeys. My aim is that together we would discover the strength and path for you to both survive and thrive. I am motivated by assisting people in reconciling with others, overcoming destructive behavior, establishing adaptive thought processes, and managing emotions in healthy ways.
Some many people suffer in silence as they try to navigate the overwhelming currents of life. I am here to get in your boat. It is my honor to listen and learn about people's journeys. My aim is that together we would discover the strength and path for you to both survive and thrive. I am motivated by assisting people in reconciling with others, overcoming destructive behavior, establishing adaptive thought processes, and managing emotions in healthy ways.
(480) 787-0788 View (480) 787-0788
Photo of Arizona Marriage & Family Therapy Clinic, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Arizona Marriage & Family Therapy Clinic
Marriage & Family Therapist, MAS-MFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85283
My name is Danielle Corrales and I make every effort to create a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to those who seek growth. I am passionate and dedicated to helping individuals, couples, and families in their journeys to heal and thrive in all areas of their lives. I utilize the most effective, evidence based, therapy approaches when addressing relationship challenges, life transitions, pre-marital preparation, communication and conflict resolution issues, and mental health stressors.
My name is Danielle Corrales and I make every effort to create a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental environment to those who seek growth. I am passionate and dedicated to helping individuals, couples, and families in their journeys to heal and thrive in all areas of their lives. I utilize the most effective, evidence based, therapy approaches when addressing relationship challenges, life transitions, pre-marital preparation, communication and conflict resolution issues, and mental health stressors.
(480) 608-9336 View (480) 608-9336
Photo of Annia Salas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Annia Salas
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85282  (Online Only)
I usually work with teens, adults, and elders on various topics. I provide private pay telehealth services only at this time. I am also an EMDRIA consultant-in-training and can help you achieve EMDRIA certification. Hablo Espanol. Si estas buscando terapia en Espanol, Espanol es mi segunda idioma y estoy dispuesta a proveer servicios en Espanol or bilingues. Spanish is my second language and I am willing to provide bilingual or Spanish language sessions.
I usually work with teens, adults, and elders on various topics. I provide private pay telehealth services only at this time. I am also an EMDRIA consultant-in-training and can help you achieve EMDRIA certification. Hablo Espanol. Si estas buscando terapia en Espanol, Espanol es mi segunda idioma y estoy dispuesta a proveer servicios en Espanol or bilingues. Spanish is my second language and I am willing to provide bilingual or Spanish language sessions.
(928) 220-8550 View (928) 220-8550
Photo of Taylor Cunha, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tempe, AZ
Taylor Cunha
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85282
We all want to be heard, and I am here to listen without judgment. Taking the first step toward feeling better can feel daunting and I am so proud of you for taking that step. I work with adults, adolescents and couples and I am committed to helping my clients find meaning and fulfillment in their lives. My practice is grounded in a holistic approach that integrates acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and person-centered therapy. In my work, I draw on the principles of ACT to help my clients cultivate a sense of mindfulness and awareness of their thoughts and feelings, allowing them to develop a greater understanding of their
We all want to be heard, and I am here to listen without judgment. Taking the first step toward feeling better can feel daunting and I am so proud of you for taking that step. I work with adults, adolescents and couples and I am committed to helping my clients find meaning and fulfillment in their lives. My practice is grounded in a holistic approach that integrates acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and person-centered therapy. In my work, I draw on the principles of ACT to help my clients cultivate a sense of mindfulness and awareness of their thoughts and feelings, allowing them to develop a greater understanding of their
(480) 725-6379 View (480) 725-6379
Photo of Debby Rabino, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Debby Rabino
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85284
My name is Debby Rabino and I hold a Master’s in Counseling and a Professional License for the State of Arizona. I am also affiliated with The National Board of Certified Counselors. I have 25 years experience working with children, teens, adults, couples, families, and geriatrics. I utilize Cognitive-Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, and a Solutions-Focused approach to therapy. I am aware that each person, as well as situation is unique, so I tailor therapy to meet your needs. I look forward to working with you in helping you meet your therapy goals.
My name is Debby Rabino and I hold a Master’s in Counseling and a Professional License for the State of Arizona. I am also affiliated with The National Board of Certified Counselors. I have 25 years experience working with children, teens, adults, couples, families, and geriatrics. I utilize Cognitive-Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, and a Solutions-Focused approach to therapy. I am aware that each person, as well as situation is unique, so I tailor therapy to meet your needs. I look forward to working with you in helping you meet your therapy goals.
(480) 508-8277 View (480) 508-8277
Photo of Inner Balance Counseling, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Inner Balance Counseling
Counselor, MC, LAC
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85282
Having a safe space to turn off the outside noise and focus on the things that matter in your life can be near impossible in today’s fast-paced world. We often come to sessions with overwhelming feelings and behaviors that keep us from feeling our best and making life a struggle. I know that change is hard. I am here to help; it all starts with having the courage to make an appointment. It’s so important to give yourself a break and, at the same time, learn new skills that help you cope with your life. I collaborate with you to create a plan to help you reach your mental health goals. Having someone who can be there through some
Having a safe space to turn off the outside noise and focus on the things that matter in your life can be near impossible in today’s fast-paced world. We often come to sessions with overwhelming feelings and behaviors that keep us from feeling our best and making life a struggle. I know that change is hard. I am here to help; it all starts with having the courage to make an appointment. It’s so important to give yourself a break and, at the same time, learn new skills that help you cope with your life. I collaborate with you to create a plan to help you reach your mental health goals. Having someone who can be there through some
(623) 303-8473 x1 View (623) 303-8473 x1
Photo of Savannah Howard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Savannah Howard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85282
I specialize in working with young adults and women navigating the weight of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma. I also support new mothers and women going through major life transitions. My goal is to support you through exploring your identity, relationships, and self-esteem. I deeply understand the need for a therapeutic space where you are genuinely seen, heard, and valued. My passion extends to exploring the transformative power of inner child work. While confronting past wounds can be challenging, I believe in the healing and growth that emerges from it.
I specialize in working with young adults and women navigating the weight of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma. I also support new mothers and women going through major life transitions. My goal is to support you through exploring your identity, relationships, and self-esteem. I deeply understand the need for a therapeutic space where you are genuinely seen, heard, and valued. My passion extends to exploring the transformative power of inner child work. While confronting past wounds can be challenging, I believe in the healing and growth that emerges from it.
(480) 900-6585 View (480) 900-6585
Photo of Christina Kennedy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Christina Kennedy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85282
Do you find yourself longing for something more in life? Are you feeling disconnected or unfulfilled in your relationships? Do you find difficult emotions getting the better of you? I am here to support you!
Do you find yourself longing for something more in life? Are you feeling disconnected or unfulfilled in your relationships? Do you find difficult emotions getting the better of you? I am here to support you!
(602) 833-1292 View (602) 833-1292
Photo of Jacob Benites, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tempe, AZ
Jacob Benites
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85284
Hello! My name is Jacob Benites, and I hope to accompany you on your journey towards living a fulfilling life. If you've ever felt like your brain won’t leave you alone, or your feelings prevent you from living the life you want to live, then you are not alone. I love helping people identify their values, pull meaning from their emotions, and learn how to work with their brain, rather than against it. I’m here to help you be present and enjoy the life you’ve got, as well as make steps toward creating a better future.
Hello! My name is Jacob Benites, and I hope to accompany you on your journey towards living a fulfilling life. If you've ever felt like your brain won’t leave you alone, or your feelings prevent you from living the life you want to live, then you are not alone. I love helping people identify their values, pull meaning from their emotions, and learn how to work with their brain, rather than against it. I’m here to help you be present and enjoy the life you’ve got, as well as make steps toward creating a better future.
(480) 631-6999 View (480) 631-6999
Photo of Brittany Gallineau, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Brittany Gallineau
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85288  (Online Only)
Sometimes we all need guidance and a different perspective to problems that we don't know how to solve. Life is about growing from past experiences and making positive changes towards goals.
Sometimes we all need guidance and a different perspective to problems that we don't know how to solve. Life is about growing from past experiences and making positive changes towards goals.
(623) 462-3791 View (623) 462-3791
Photo of Kammie Jo Furman, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Kammie Jo Furman
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85283
My name is Kammie Furman and I am a licensed associate counselor. I have experience working with a gamut of people with a variety of age demographics, gender, sexuality and cultures. I hold three master's degrees in General Psychology, Human Services Counseling, Dobson Center for Parenting and Child/Adolescent, and Clinical Mental Health Counseling. My skills are in trauma processing, emotional concerns, coping skills, couple challenges, communication, and anger to name a few.
My name is Kammie Furman and I am a licensed associate counselor. I have experience working with a gamut of people with a variety of age demographics, gender, sexuality and cultures. I hold three master's degrees in General Psychology, Human Services Counseling, Dobson Center for Parenting and Child/Adolescent, and Clinical Mental Health Counseling. My skills are in trauma processing, emotional concerns, coping skills, couple challenges, communication, and anger to name a few.
(928) 766-4774 View (928) 766-4774
Photo of Sea Glass Mental Health, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Sea Glass Mental Health
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85281  (Online Only)
Immediate Availability! Feeling 'not good enough' is exhausting. The constant pressure to keep up, to fit in, to meet the expectations of friends, family and society are unrealistic and can leave you feeling disconnected and isolated. We believe it shouldn’t be so hard to get the therapy you need to live the life you want. We’re here to help. Our team of experienced therapists offers the guidance and support you need to gain perspective and feel more in control of your life. We use three simple steps in our process: 1. We get to know you as a person. 2. We develop a plan specific to your needs. 3. We help you heal.
Immediate Availability! Feeling 'not good enough' is exhausting. The constant pressure to keep up, to fit in, to meet the expectations of friends, family and society are unrealistic and can leave you feeling disconnected and isolated. We believe it shouldn’t be so hard to get the therapy you need to live the life you want. We’re here to help. Our team of experienced therapists offers the guidance and support you need to gain perspective and feel more in control of your life. We use three simple steps in our process: 1. We get to know you as a person. 2. We develop a plan specific to your needs. 3. We help you heal.
(480) 725-3820 View (480) 725-3820
Photo of Jennifer Hicks, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Jennifer Hicks
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85282
Hello! I have worked extensively in the behavioral health field for over ten years and have a passion for serving this community. I have worked with a range of populations varying from adults with serious mental illness to general mental health counseling with adults, children, couples, and families. I have experience treating issues related to trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, addiction, as well as a wide variety of other mental health issues. I want to continue working with diverse populations to better support our marginalized groups to ensure culturally competent care for BIPOC and LGBTQIA+ individuals.
Hello! I have worked extensively in the behavioral health field for over ten years and have a passion for serving this community. I have worked with a range of populations varying from adults with serious mental illness to general mental health counseling with adults, children, couples, and families. I have experience treating issues related to trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, addiction, as well as a wide variety of other mental health issues. I want to continue working with diverse populations to better support our marginalized groups to ensure culturally competent care for BIPOC and LGBTQIA+ individuals.
(480) 690-3044 View (480) 690-3044
Mary Oakley
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, CC-AASP
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85282
I am a Licensed Psychologist who works with individuals, couples, and families. My therapy clients range from ages 4 to 80 and I see a variety of treatment issues including, but not limited to, behavior problems, ADHD, learning disability, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationship concerns, and life adjustment. My philosophy is that the therapy session belongs to the client, and everyone's needs are different. Therefore, I tailor my approach to each individual client. I aim to provide emotional support as well as teach tactics and strategies to help my clients reach beyond their comfort zone to accomplish their goals.
I am a Licensed Psychologist who works with individuals, couples, and families. My therapy clients range from ages 4 to 80 and I see a variety of treatment issues including, but not limited to, behavior problems, ADHD, learning disability, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationship concerns, and life adjustment. My philosophy is that the therapy session belongs to the client, and everyone's needs are different. Therefore, I tailor my approach to each individual client. I aim to provide emotional support as well as teach tactics and strategies to help my clients reach beyond their comfort zone to accomplish their goals.
(480) 800-4459 View (480) 800-4459
Photo of Benjamin Meyer, Counselor in Tempe, AZ
Benjamin Meyer
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tempe, AZ 85282
Do you find yourself wondering why you do what you do? Repeating the same patterns? You are not alone. In my practice, I'll guide you to learn why these things occur and what you can do to change them. We’ll take a deep dive into your childhood and reconcile the experiences you had then with the ones you’re having now. We'll take a look at how your awareness is shaped by these kinds of powerful forces and help you get to point where you can start making the types of decisions you can feel proud of.
Do you find yourself wondering why you do what you do? Repeating the same patterns? You are not alone. In my practice, I'll guide you to learn why these things occur and what you can do to change them. We’ll take a deep dive into your childhood and reconcile the experiences you had then with the ones you’re having now. We'll take a look at how your awareness is shaped by these kinds of powerful forces and help you get to point where you can start making the types of decisions you can feel proud of.
(480) 613-7256 View (480) 613-7256

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tempe, AZ

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Tempe, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
80% Self Esteem
78% Trauma and PTSD
77% Relationship Issues
75% Coping Skills
75% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
58% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tempe, AZ see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tempe?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.