Perth is the capital and largest city of Western Australia and the fourth most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of 2.2 …Perth is the capital and largest city of Western Australia and the fourth most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of 2.2 million living in Greater Perth. Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with most of the metropolitan area on the Swan Coastal Plain between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The city has expanded outward from the original British settlements on the Swan River, upon which the city's central business district and port of Fremantle are situated. Perth is located on the traditional lands of the Whadjuk Noongar people, where Aboriginal Australians have lived for at least 45,000 years.