Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a problem of the retina, the light sensing part of the eye. The macula is the portion of the retina responsible for central vision. AMD comes in 2 varieties: dry and wet.
In dry macular degeneration there is an accumulation of a protein under the retina called drusen. With time this accumulation leads to scar formation and a loss of central vision. There is no treatment for this type of macular degeneration however a large study was done that showed a special formulation of vitamins can slow its progression. These vitamins include Vitamin C and E, Lutein, Copper, Zinc and Zeaxanthin.
The wet type of macular degeneration is less common but is associated with a much more rapid and severe visual loss. It is called wet because there is a proliferation of abnormal blood vessels from under the retina that leak blood and other material from the bloodstream leading to scar formation. This type does not have a cure either but there are therapies available such as injectable medications and in some instances laser to help decrease the amount of damage related to leakage.
The main risk factors for AMD are age, history of smoking, coronary artery disease and high cholesterol levels as well as Caucasian race and family history of AMD. Because AMD is chronic and progressive, patients may not know they are affected until a very late stage. A good screening tool is something called an Amsler grid. It looks like a piece of graph paper and can pick up distortions and disruptions in central vision.
The best way to know if you are at risk is to schedule an appointment with an ophthalmologist for an exam. During this visit, eye drops will be instilled to dilate the pupil to allow for a thorough retinal exam. There are also a variety of ancillary tests that may be performed to evaluate the anatomy and vasculature of the retina.
Dr. Samantha Xavier specializes in Vitreo-Retinal Surgery at Florida Eye Clinic and is accepting new patients in the Altamonte Springs and Clermont locations:
160 Boston Ave., Altamonte Springs, FL 32701, 407-834-7776
2460 E. Hwy. 50, Clermont, FL 34711, 352-708-7080
