Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

Photo of Kimberly Mears, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Kimberly Mears
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Challenges and obstacles are a natural part of life. I believe, clients can draw from their strengths in combination with self awareness, stress management and therapeutic tools, to overcome most hurdles in their lives. My therapeutic approach depends on the individual or the couples needs. After a thorough assessment, I will then establish a treatment plan designed to meet my clients needs. My individualized treatment plans are based on 20 years of experience and constructed with input from my client. We will work together to identify; understand and resolve difficulties which undermine daily functioning and well being.
Challenges and obstacles are a natural part of life. I believe, clients can draw from their strengths in combination with self awareness, stress management and therapeutic tools, to overcome most hurdles in their lives. My therapeutic approach depends on the individual or the couples needs. After a thorough assessment, I will then establish a treatment plan designed to meet my clients needs. My individualized treatment plans are based on 20 years of experience and constructed with input from my client. We will work together to identify; understand and resolve difficulties which undermine daily functioning and well being.
(760) 385-6283 View (760) 385-6283
Photo of Sarah Garcia, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Sarah Garcia
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I work with adults from late teens through the elder population. Areas of specialty include trauma, anxiety, stress management, self-esteem, grief, relationship issues, communication difficulties and life transitions. When working with clients my goal is to create a space that feels safe, supportive, and validating while we explore any negative beliefs or experiences that may be holding you back from living your most authentic and fulfilling life. My role is to help guide and support you through your challenges while also empowering you to connect to your inner strength and resiliency.
I work with adults from late teens through the elder population. Areas of specialty include trauma, anxiety, stress management, self-esteem, grief, relationship issues, communication difficulties and life transitions. When working with clients my goal is to create a space that feels safe, supportive, and validating while we explore any negative beliefs or experiences that may be holding you back from living your most authentic and fulfilling life. My role is to help guide and support you through your challenges while also empowering you to connect to your inner strength and resiliency.
(760) 465-8372 View (760) 465-8372
Photo of Stacy Costopoulos Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Stacy Costopoulos Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel stuck in a sense that you are not good enough? Imagine no longer feeling patterns that hurt, or no longer being paralyzed by beliefs that block you from being the person you want to be. My goal is to walk alongside you helping you identify what's holding you back from the life you want, and to gently but profoundly help you heal those wounds so you can grow. I love working with people to reprocess old traumatic life experiences that get in the way, when they really just want to be healthy.
Do you feel stuck in a sense that you are not good enough? Imagine no longer feeling patterns that hurt, or no longer being paralyzed by beliefs that block you from being the person you want to be. My goal is to walk alongside you helping you identify what's holding you back from the life you want, and to gently but profoundly help you heal those wounds so you can grow. I love working with people to reprocess old traumatic life experiences that get in the way, when they really just want to be healthy.
(442) 200-2115 View (442) 200-2115
Photo of Katy Landis, Educational Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Katy Landis
Educational Psychologist, MA, Ed S, LEP
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92010
I offer psycho-educational assessment for elementary-age through adult-age individuals in the areas of: Autism, Learning Disabilities (i.e. dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc.), ADHD, Executive Functioning, Emotional and Behavioral Disturbance/Disability and other psychological disorders relating to educational progress.
I offer psycho-educational assessment for elementary-age through adult-age individuals in the areas of: Autism, Learning Disabilities (i.e. dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc.), ADHD, Executive Functioning, Emotional and Behavioral Disturbance/Disability and other psychological disorders relating to educational progress.
(760) 828-7809 View (760) 828-7809
Photo of Caitlin E. Mikulicich, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Caitlin E. Mikulicich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
It’s been found that the most important factor for creating change in therapy is the therapeutic relationship. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to process emotions and transmute pain into growth. I consider all aspects of an individual and implement a biopsychosocial-spiritual, culturally-sensitive and client-centered approach with individuals, couples, families and groups. I’ve used various research-based modalities including DBT, EFT, Internal Family Systems/parts work, EMDR, and art therapy. Additionally, I am now offering KAP (Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy) remotely.
It’s been found that the most important factor for creating change in therapy is the therapeutic relationship. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to process emotions and transmute pain into growth. I consider all aspects of an individual and implement a biopsychosocial-spiritual, culturally-sensitive and client-centered approach with individuals, couples, families and groups. I’ve used various research-based modalities including DBT, EFT, Internal Family Systems/parts work, EMDR, and art therapy. Additionally, I am now offering KAP (Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy) remotely.
(619) 363-0325 View (619) 363-0325
Photo of Rachel Levinson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Rachel Levinson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with being connected with parts of yourself and others? Perhaps different parts of you know how to get what you want, but something inside prevents you from making changes. Sex Therapy is a window into the mind, body, and spirit, allowing you to identify places in which healing needs to take place, and highlighting your deepest desires. Together, we’ll explore your past and present, create intentions for the future and set you up with skills in order to meet your goals.
Do you struggle with being connected with parts of yourself and others? Perhaps different parts of you know how to get what you want, but something inside prevents you from making changes. Sex Therapy is a window into the mind, body, and spirit, allowing you to identify places in which healing needs to take place, and highlighting your deepest desires. Together, we’ll explore your past and present, create intentions for the future and set you up with skills in order to meet your goals.
(858) 221-9433 View (858) 221-9433
Photo of Kaitlyn Nelson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Kaitlyn Nelson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACP-EFT, RYT-200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Carlsbad based Licensed Clinical Social Worker who is passionate about empowering others to find their inner peace and self-worth. I describe my therapeutic style as warm, grounding, compassionate. My focus is on healing, processing, and building resilience with the intention to help you feel more confident about your future. My goal is to support you through symptoms of anxiety, depression, grief / loss, codependency, and post-traumatic stress. I work with preteens, teens, and adults who are committed to exploring their inner world to learn more about themselves and how they show up in their relationships with others.
I am a Carlsbad based Licensed Clinical Social Worker who is passionate about empowering others to find their inner peace and self-worth. I describe my therapeutic style as warm, grounding, compassionate. My focus is on healing, processing, and building resilience with the intention to help you feel more confident about your future. My goal is to support you through symptoms of anxiety, depression, grief / loss, codependency, and post-traumatic stress. I work with preteens, teens, and adults who are committed to exploring their inner world to learn more about themselves and how they show up in their relationships with others.
(442) 219-8087 View (442) 219-8087
Photo of Farinaz Khalilifard, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Farinaz Khalilifard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years of experience in mental health. I am ready to assist you with what you would like to work on in your journey. I work with issues related to addiction, trauma, family issues, stress, grief, loss, PTSD, women's issues, and relationship issues. I approach treatment through a humanistic approach which is client-centered. I specialize in Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Through treatment, we will work together on developing mutual goals that can be worked on during and outside of our sessions.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years of experience in mental health. I am ready to assist you with what you would like to work on in your journey. I work with issues related to addiction, trauma, family issues, stress, grief, loss, PTSD, women's issues, and relationship issues. I approach treatment through a humanistic approach which is client-centered. I specialize in Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Through treatment, we will work together on developing mutual goals that can be worked on during and outside of our sessions.
(415) 578-3004 View (415) 578-3004
Photo of Lani Cait Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Lani Cait Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
My primary goal is to serve as a compassionate, nonjudgmental guide while helping my clients explore their patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior. I bring a natural warmth and sense of humor to my evidence-based therapy sessions. I help my clients tap into the tools that are already working for them, develop new and adaptive strategies, and build the confidence to tackle any problem that comes their way.
My primary goal is to serve as a compassionate, nonjudgmental guide while helping my clients explore their patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior. I bring a natural warmth and sense of humor to my evidence-based therapy sessions. I help my clients tap into the tools that are already working for them, develop new and adaptive strategies, and build the confidence to tackle any problem that comes their way.
(858) 408-6293 View (858) 408-6293
Photo of Vincent Marquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Vincent Marquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Therapy is an opportunity to resolve and recover from life’s most difficult experiences. The therapeutic process can help you align your emotions and behaviors with the balance you seek in your life. Whether you regularly witness traumatic scenes or situations, have been exposed to a single traumatic event, or are struggling with the long-term effects of an earlier trauma, I can equip you with the practical tools to enhance your overall recovery and increase your quality of life. Treatment can help improve sleep, concentration, intimacy, family connection, and overall feelings of safety.
Therapy is an opportunity to resolve and recover from life’s most difficult experiences. The therapeutic process can help you align your emotions and behaviors with the balance you seek in your life. Whether you regularly witness traumatic scenes or situations, have been exposed to a single traumatic event, or are struggling with the long-term effects of an earlier trauma, I can equip you with the practical tools to enhance your overall recovery and increase your quality of life. Treatment can help improve sleep, concentration, intimacy, family connection, and overall feelings of safety.
(442) 245-5735 View (442) 245-5735
Photo of Harin Kaur Khalsa in Carlsbad, CA
Harin Kaur Khalsa
MSW, PPSC, CCHT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011
I specialize in working with women and girls. My specialization is in building confidence, building self-love and self-care, anxiety/depression and healing from a divorce. Through my training as a clinically certified hypnotherapist, my Pupil Personnel Services Credential, my master of Social Work degree and my life coaching, I will serve as your guide to help you live in an empowered state. I will help you make the changes necessary, so you can be proud of the reflection you see in the mirror!
I specialize in working with women and girls. My specialization is in building confidence, building self-love and self-care, anxiety/depression and healing from a divorce. Through my training as a clinically certified hypnotherapist, my Pupil Personnel Services Credential, my master of Social Work degree and my life coaching, I will serve as your guide to help you live in an empowered state. I will help you make the changes necessary, so you can be proud of the reflection you see in the mirror!
(442) 245-5515 View (442) 245-5515
Photo of Audra Wallace, LPCC, Inc., Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Carlsbad, CA
Audra Wallace, LPCC, Inc.
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC, NCC, PPS
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011
Audra is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and National Certified Counselor with a Masters of Science in Counseling. Audra's counseling experience started in North County education in 2002. She has experience working with adolescents, youth with disabilities, adults, families, trauma, grief and loss. As a clinician, Audra creates a safe and supportive environment for her clients by using a person-centered approach with emphases on cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR, and brief interventions.
Audra is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and National Certified Counselor with a Masters of Science in Counseling. Audra's counseling experience started in North County education in 2002. She has experience working with adolescents, youth with disabilities, adults, families, trauma, grief and loss. As a clinician, Audra creates a safe and supportive environment for her clients by using a person-centered approach with emphases on cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR, and brief interventions.
(760) 571-9862 View (760) 571-9862
Photo of Vickie Lynn Dowling, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Vickie Lynn Dowling
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Not accepting new clients
Safety and trust are critical to feel comfortable in therapy. Choosing the right psychologist for you is important. My approach is a team approach where we work together. I can best help you if we are on the same page with one another. Your personal comfort is one of the most important factors for us to achieve successful teamwork, and for you to feel better. We choose your goals together to maximize your results. We can also partner with your medical doctor(s). Let's problem solve together and find some tools to create a personalized "coping skills" toolbox.
Safety and trust are critical to feel comfortable in therapy. Choosing the right psychologist for you is important. My approach is a team approach where we work together. I can best help you if we are on the same page with one another. Your personal comfort is one of the most important factors for us to achieve successful teamwork, and for you to feel better. We choose your goals together to maximize your results. We can also partner with your medical doctor(s). Let's problem solve together and find some tools to create a personalized "coping skills" toolbox.
(858) 386-4298 View (858) 386-4298
Photo of Lindsey G. Robertson, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Lindsey G. Robertson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I believe symptoms are often the body’s way of communicating with us. Learning to recognize our symptoms as messages to listen to, we start making sense of the chaos, and feel less out of control. I’m committed to helping you get that kind of relief and clarity, so that it becomes easier to explore the roots of what gets you stuck. The therapy I offer is experiential and relational, providing the context to name what needs to heal, process what's overwhelming, build psychological skills and confidence, grow in compassion, strengthen relationships, and find a path forward with greater freedom, meaning, and hope.
I believe symptoms are often the body’s way of communicating with us. Learning to recognize our symptoms as messages to listen to, we start making sense of the chaos, and feel less out of control. I’m committed to helping you get that kind of relief and clarity, so that it becomes easier to explore the roots of what gets you stuck. The therapy I offer is experiential and relational, providing the context to name what needs to heal, process what's overwhelming, build psychological skills and confidence, grow in compassion, strengthen relationships, and find a path forward with greater freedom, meaning, and hope.
(760) 496-5835 View (760) 496-5835
Photo of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
(760) 933-9601 View (760) 933-9601
Photo of Francisco Chaves, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Francisco Chaves
Psychologist, PhD, MDiv
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I help individuals and couples understand and overcome barriers that get in the way of living a meaningful and fulfilling life; this can include professional, emotional, or interpersonal challenges. My approach draws on narrative and cognitive based principles, that value the understanding of how our experiences, self-awareness, and relationships impact how we cope with life. I believe the process of therapy is one that encourages collaboration and curiosity, and in doing so creates a hospitable environment to explore a variety of life experiences and achieve a healthy life balance.
I help individuals and couples understand and overcome barriers that get in the way of living a meaningful and fulfilling life; this can include professional, emotional, or interpersonal challenges. My approach draws on narrative and cognitive based principles, that value the understanding of how our experiences, self-awareness, and relationships impact how we cope with life. I believe the process of therapy is one that encourages collaboration and curiosity, and in doing so creates a hospitable environment to explore a variety of life experiences and achieve a healthy life balance.
(626) 774-7833 View (626) 774-7833
Photo of Ian Kellam, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Carlsbad, CA
Ian Kellam
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCIII
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Whether you are looking to start a path of sobriety, take a new approach to mental health, or you are looking to take the next step in your personal development, Kellam Coaching is committed to guiding you towards success. My mission is to empower my clients to overcome challenges, develop new skills, and thrive in their personal and professional lives.
Whether you are looking to start a path of sobriety, take a new approach to mental health, or you are looking to take the next step in your personal development, Kellam Coaching is committed to guiding you towards success. My mission is to empower my clients to overcome challenges, develop new skills, and thrive in their personal and professional lives.
(442) 253-2689 View (442) 253-2689
Photo of Sean Kelley, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Sean Kelley
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
It is my belief that all individuals innately have the capability to enact the changes they would like to see in their lives. Yet too often in my work have outside forces taken a strong hold on the individuals locus of control. My role is to support my client with providing perspective and encouragement, in order to understand how to go about that enactment. Every person has the ability to rise to their challenges. At first it might not seem so because of whatever internal and/or external barriers they have encountered however I firmly believe each client is the hero of their own story and they will overcome their challenges.
It is my belief that all individuals innately have the capability to enact the changes they would like to see in their lives. Yet too often in my work have outside forces taken a strong hold on the individuals locus of control. My role is to support my client with providing perspective and encouragement, in order to understand how to go about that enactment. Every person has the ability to rise to their challenges. At first it might not seem so because of whatever internal and/or external barriers they have encountered however I firmly believe each client is the hero of their own story and they will overcome their challenges.
(442) 233-6058 View (442) 233-6058
Photo of Stone Watson, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Stone Watson
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
My ideal clients are couples, men of all ages, teens, and young adults. My clients want to gain better self-understanding, feel "stuck” in their current life situations, are experiencing significant life transitions, suffer from anxiety or depression, believe that life should be better than it is right now, or desire to break generational chains and confront identity-based traumas. As one of few Black male therapists, my lived experiences help me walk with anyone who's experienced marginalization by providing a space to process the pain and the tools to reclaim their dignity. All I need from you is your commitment to the journey.
My ideal clients are couples, men of all ages, teens, and young adults. My clients want to gain better self-understanding, feel "stuck” in their current life situations, are experiencing significant life transitions, suffer from anxiety or depression, believe that life should be better than it is right now, or desire to break generational chains and confront identity-based traumas. As one of few Black male therapists, my lived experiences help me walk with anyone who's experienced marginalization by providing a space to process the pain and the tools to reclaim their dignity. All I need from you is your commitment to the journey.
(760) 377-9470 View (760) 377-9470
Photo of Irina Weitzen, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Irina Weitzen
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I was born in Belarus and grew up in Israel before moving to San Diego and starting a family here. The transitions I experienced throughout my life have taught me the importance of a secure base. I believe that humans need connection and that feeling safely connected, seen, and accepted drives us to explore and move in the world in our chosen ways.
I was born in Belarus and grew up in Israel before moving to San Diego and starting a family here. The transitions I experienced throughout my life have taught me the importance of a secure base. I believe that humans need connection and that feeling safely connected, seen, and accepted drives us to explore and move in the world in our chosen ways.
(858) 602-1345 View (858) 602-1345

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Carlsbad, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
58% Cigna and Evernorth
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Carlsbad, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Carlsbad?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.