Therapists in Mifflintown, PA

Photo of Olivia Wise, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Olivia Wise
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Mifflintown, PA 17059
Not accepting new clients
Have you experienced a traumatic event, or recently lost someone close to you? Have you been avoiding people, places and activities that may cause to you have intrusive thoughts, involuntary memories, or flashbacks? This can be extremely painful and debilitating but is a common response to trauma and loss. Unfortunately, many people learn to avoid topics related to their trauma or loss for fear that talking about it will cause uncontrollable painful emotions to arise. This can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, numbness, feeling detached from others and low self-esteem and can have negative long-term impacts.
Have you experienced a traumatic event, or recently lost someone close to you? Have you been avoiding people, places and activities that may cause to you have intrusive thoughts, involuntary memories, or flashbacks? This can be extremely painful and debilitating but is a common response to trauma and loss. Unfortunately, many people learn to avoid topics related to their trauma or loss for fear that talking about it will cause uncontrollable painful emotions to arise. This can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, numbness, feeling detached from others and low self-esteem and can have negative long-term impacts.
(717) 864-8693 View (717) 864-8693
Photo of Fred Benner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Fred Benner
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CAADC, SAP
Verified Verified
Mifflintown, PA 17059
I am accepting Face-2-Face AND telehealth clients. I am equipped to provide HIPAA compliant telehealth services by voice or video. This has now been approved by all insurance carriers, and is an option which extends flexibility, but our office is also open . I have broad experience in working with mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, substance use disorders, and families struggling with addiction. I also help those with problems caused by alcohol or drugs, couples trying to save a relationship. and those in child custody disputes because of divorce or separation. I also help with process addictions like gambling and pornography.
I am accepting Face-2-Face AND telehealth clients. I am equipped to provide HIPAA compliant telehealth services by voice or video. This has now been approved by all insurance carriers, and is an option which extends flexibility, but our office is also open . I have broad experience in working with mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, substance use disorders, and families struggling with addiction. I also help those with problems caused by alcohol or drugs, couples trying to save a relationship. and those in child custody disputes because of divorce or separation. I also help with process addictions like gambling and pornography.
(717) 320-2303 View (717) 320-2303
Photo of Tammy L. Rumbaugh, M.A. LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Tammy L. Rumbaugh, M.A. LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mifflintown, PA 17059  (Online Only)
Are you seeking to create new possibilities or renewed vitality in your relationships, career, or spiritual, emotional or mental life? Are you standing at a crossroads, unsure of which path to take? Do you feel a desire to make a change, but don't know where to start? My name is Tammy. I would be honored to walk with you as you move forward in your life, at a pace that is comfortable and productive for you. Please, always remember that you are the Creator of the story that you live and adjust, each and every day.
Are you seeking to create new possibilities or renewed vitality in your relationships, career, or spiritual, emotional or mental life? Are you standing at a crossroads, unsure of which path to take? Do you feel a desire to make a change, but don't know where to start? My name is Tammy. I would be honored to walk with you as you move forward in your life, at a pace that is comfortable and productive for you. Please, always remember that you are the Creator of the story that you live and adjust, each and every day.
(717) 254-4715 View (717) 254-4715
Photo of Dana Hampton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Dana Hampton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Mifflintown, PA 17059
Waitlist for new clients
Feeling stuck in life? Hesitant about therapy? I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor that uses a resiliency approach to therapy. I believe we all have the ability to heal and have the strength to overcome anything that life throws at us. I use behavioral, mind-body, relational, and trauma informed approaches tailored to the specific person. In addition, I am EMDR Certified through EMDRIA and have extensive training in trauma and mindfulness. I also hold certificates in Embodied Social Justice and Maternal Mental Health.
Feeling stuck in life? Hesitant about therapy? I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor that uses a resiliency approach to therapy. I believe we all have the ability to heal and have the strength to overcome anything that life throws at us. I use behavioral, mind-body, relational, and trauma informed approaches tailored to the specific person. In addition, I am EMDR Certified through EMDRIA and have extensive training in trauma and mindfulness. I also hold certificates in Embodied Social Justice and Maternal Mental Health.
(223) 218-2462 View (223) 218-2462
Photo of Sherrie-An E Gerhart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mifflintown, PA
Sherrie-An E Gerhart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CDBT
Verified Verified
Mifflintown, PA 17059  (Online Only)
Have you ever felt overwhelmed by your emotions or you don't know what you're feeling at all? Do you feel as though people are taking advantage of you or you don't know who you are anymore? You're not alone, this is very common. I will partner with you and help you to identify not only what you're feeling, but also how to cope with those feelings so you can feel more empowered to navigate your life more effectively. I can also help you to find your voice, so you can connect with who you are and to begin to assert clear boundaries with others.
Have you ever felt overwhelmed by your emotions or you don't know what you're feeling at all? Do you feel as though people are taking advantage of you or you don't know who you are anymore? You're not alone, this is very common. I will partner with you and help you to identify not only what you're feeling, but also how to cope with those feelings so you can feel more empowered to navigate your life more effectively. I can also help you to find your voice, so you can connect with who you are and to begin to assert clear boundaries with others.
(717) 940-3853 View (717) 940-3853
Photo of Two Trails Mental Health & Wellness Center, LLC. in Mifflintown, PA
Two Trails Mental Health & Wellness Center, LLC.
PsyD
Verified Verified
Mifflintown, PA 17059
Let Two Trails Mental Health and Wellness Center provide the support and direction you are seeking. Our clinicians are here to help you with difficult life changes and to offer you support during the healing process. We can help you to feel better about yourself by helping you gain a sense of control over your moods and emotions, by helping you gain more satisfaction in your personal relationships and by helping you to overcome obstacles that may be interfering with your ability to achieve life goals. We will keep your concerns private and confidential.
Let Two Trails Mental Health and Wellness Center provide the support and direction you are seeking. Our clinicians are here to help you with difficult life changes and to offer you support during the healing process. We can help you to feel better about yourself by helping you gain a sense of control over your moods and emotions, by helping you gain more satisfaction in your personal relationships and by helping you to overcome obstacles that may be interfering with your ability to achieve life goals. We will keep your concerns private and confidential.
(717) 778-3250 View (717) 778-3250

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michael Raskind, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mifflintown, PA
Michael Raskind
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mifflin, PA 17058  (Online Only)
Getting to the root of your pain, learning to deal with it, building upon your strengths then learning to act versus react to people and events is the goal of our approach. We have a long history of working with diverse populations, who have developed varied problems: Mental Health, Substance Abuse, Marital, Parenting, Occupational, grief and more Our approach is to work with your strengths; help you to develop new views and skills and then organize them into a plan that works in obtaining your goals. As a psychotherapy group practice, we can see just about anyone no matter what you're dealing with.
Getting to the root of your pain, learning to deal with it, building upon your strengths then learning to act versus react to people and events is the goal of our approach. We have a long history of working with diverse populations, who have developed varied problems: Mental Health, Substance Abuse, Marital, Parenting, Occupational, grief and more Our approach is to work with your strengths; help you to develop new views and skills and then organize them into a plan that works in obtaining your goals. As a psychotherapy group practice, we can see just about anyone no matter what you're dealing with.
(717) 807-5614 View (717) 807-5614
Photo of Beverly Kline-Lash, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Beverly Kline-Lash
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCAT, CAADC, LPC, CCTS
Verified Verified
McClure, PA 17841
I'm a seasoned therapist with an extensive background in mental health. I own a private practice located in a very rural PA community. Because of the nature of my location in PA, I have experience working with all populations and multiple specialties. My mission is to provide the assurance of quality behavioral health care. Treatment is built on the values of dignity, integrity, accountability, respect, spirituality, creativity, flexibility and growth. Common tools in which services are provided are empathy, compassion, cultural sensitivity, humor, and professional competence to ensure individual needs and treatment goals.
I'm a seasoned therapist with an extensive background in mental health. I own a private practice located in a very rural PA community. Because of the nature of my location in PA, I have experience working with all populations and multiple specialties. My mission is to provide the assurance of quality behavioral health care. Treatment is built on the values of dignity, integrity, accountability, respect, spirituality, creativity, flexibility and growth. Common tools in which services are provided are empathy, compassion, cultural sensitivity, humor, and professional competence to ensure individual needs and treatment goals.
(570) 559-8502 View (570) 559-8502
Photo of Firstfruits Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Firstfruits Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lewistown, PA 17044  (Online Only)
Greetings, my name is Julie Lynch. I specialize in Christian Counseling. My desire is to help people just like you heal for the purpose of living your best life here on Earth! I have learned how important it is to rely on God for guidance, thereby diving further into the matters of the heart. Through customized activities, prayer, and numerous techniques, I will help you identify patterns that have become unhealthy, giving you the tools to help create a new vision for living your best life.
Greetings, my name is Julie Lynch. I specialize in Christian Counseling. My desire is to help people just like you heal for the purpose of living your best life here on Earth! I have learned how important it is to rely on God for guidance, thereby diving further into the matters of the heart. Through customized activities, prayer, and numerous techniques, I will help you identify patterns that have become unhealthy, giving you the tools to help create a new vision for living your best life.
(717) 613-6449 View (717) 613-6449

Online Therapists

Photo of Kathryn R, Maz, PsyD., Psychologist in Mifflintown, PA
Kathryn R, Maz, PsyD.
Psychologist, PsyD, CSAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17603
For over 30 years I have been honored with the experience of helping individuals being held back by addictions, anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. I seek to provide a judgement free, in-depth understanding of my clients' journeys provide tools for increasing self esteem, understanding and effectively experiencing emotions, and challenging difficult behavioral patterns. I assist couples in reconciling the hurts of the past and moving towards shared unity and deeper intimacy. Some of the areas I specifically specialize in include: substance abuse, sexual addictions, anger management, self injury and LGBTQIA issues.
For over 30 years I have been honored with the experience of helping individuals being held back by addictions, anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. I seek to provide a judgement free, in-depth understanding of my clients' journeys provide tools for increasing self esteem, understanding and effectively experiencing emotions, and challenging difficult behavioral patterns. I assist couples in reconciling the hurts of the past and moving towards shared unity and deeper intimacy. Some of the areas I specifically specialize in include: substance abuse, sexual addictions, anger management, self injury and LGBTQIA issues.
(717) 208-8197 View (717) 208-8197
Photo of Bradley M Zurla, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mifflintown, PA
Bradley M Zurla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Camp Hill, PA 17011
I am a licensed clinical social worker committed to working with individuals and families learn how to cope with, and ultimately move past, the struggles posed by mental health and past trauma. My work focuses on depression, anxiety, trauma, attachment, communication, and neurodiversity issues. I believe in taking a collaborative approach, combining evidenced-based practices and modalities with the clients’ goals and priorities, to help and support each individual find and achieve their own healing.
I am a licensed clinical social worker committed to working with individuals and families learn how to cope with, and ultimately move past, the struggles posed by mental health and past trauma. My work focuses on depression, anxiety, trauma, attachment, communication, and neurodiversity issues. I believe in taking a collaborative approach, combining evidenced-based practices and modalities with the clients’ goals and priorities, to help and support each individual find and achieve their own healing.
(717) 402-8095 View (717) 402-8095
Photo of Marina Shafran, Psychologist in Mifflintown, PA
Marina Shafran
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lewisburg, PA 17837  (Online Only)
Good therapy can be transformative, yet finding time for yourself amid a busy workday is often challenging. I'm dedicated to supporting you on your path to wellness and will work to accommodate your schedule, whether it's early mornings, evenings, or weekends.
Good therapy can be transformative, yet finding time for yourself amid a busy workday is often challenging. I'm dedicated to supporting you on your path to wellness and will work to accommodate your schedule, whether it's early mornings, evenings, or weekends.
(570) 755-4266 View (570) 755-4266
Photo of Joshua A Kirby, Pre-Licensed Professional in Mifflintown, PA
Joshua A Kirby
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC, CCC, GC-C
Verified Verified
State College, PA 16801
We each are journeying a long arc of discovery about who we are, what we can do, how we relate, where we are valued, and why we matter. Our career and education help us chart the course of our identity, and they can create fantastic side trips, unexpected detours, and unfortunate layovers. I work with clients who are navigating the challenges, decisions, and transitions related to their changing landscape of work and school. Like a colorful sunrise, I am energized to work with clients who hope to explore and understand the options for mental wellness available to them as learners, professionals, entrepreneurs, and self-advocates.
We each are journeying a long arc of discovery about who we are, what we can do, how we relate, where we are valued, and why we matter. Our career and education help us chart the course of our identity, and they can create fantastic side trips, unexpected detours, and unfortunate layovers. I work with clients who are navigating the challenges, decisions, and transitions related to their changing landscape of work and school. Like a colorful sunrise, I am energized to work with clients who hope to explore and understand the options for mental wellness available to them as learners, professionals, entrepreneurs, and self-advocates.
(814) 205-0778 View (814) 205-0778
Photo of Theresa Anne Counihan, Psychologist in Mifflintown, PA
Theresa Anne Counihan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Downingtown, PA 19335  (Online Only)
I have worked with persons throughout the lifespan. Most recently, I consulted at skilled nursing homes and assisted care facilities with a focus on illness and end of life challenges. I enjoy working with young adults who are just finding their way in this world and navigating new relationships and responsibilities. I accept clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, phobias, stress, identity development, assertiveness, anger management, and relationship challenges for those who are heterosexual, LGBTQ, caregivers, and parents.
I have worked with persons throughout the lifespan. Most recently, I consulted at skilled nursing homes and assisted care facilities with a focus on illness and end of life challenges. I enjoy working with young adults who are just finding their way in this world and navigating new relationships and responsibilities. I accept clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, phobias, stress, identity development, assertiveness, anger management, and relationship challenges for those who are heterosexual, LGBTQ, caregivers, and parents.
(484) 209-6486 View (484) 209-6486
Photo of Kellie Pizzuto, Pre-Licensed Professional in Mifflintown, PA
Kellie Pizzuto
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
Welcome! I count it a privilege to walk alongside others on their journey to healing and wellness. Working with you to resolve the issues that keep you stuck, in pain, and/or unable to move forward is important to me. I have a passion to help others reach their full potential in growing toward the person they desire to be. This passion comes from my own story and the journey toward wholeness. Emotional pain can keep us stuck in patterns we would like to change but do not know how. If there is an issue holding you back from having the life you desire I can help.
Welcome! I count it a privilege to walk alongside others on their journey to healing and wellness. Working with you to resolve the issues that keep you stuck, in pain, and/or unable to move forward is important to me. I have a passion to help others reach their full potential in growing toward the person they desire to be. This passion comes from my own story and the journey toward wholeness. Emotional pain can keep us stuck in patterns we would like to change but do not know how. If there is an issue holding you back from having the life you desire I can help.
(570) 261-8159 View (570) 261-8159
Jessica Hayes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sidman, PA 15955
I offer individual therapy services for those experiencing anxiety, depression, transition struggles, grief and trauma. I also assist with facilitating better communication skills between children and their caregivers or between couples. The goal of therapy is to facilitate a relationship where the client feels comfortable and motivated to work on their individual area(s) of concern. You're in the driver's seat, I assist with providing a road map to reach your individual goals.
I offer individual therapy services for those experiencing anxiety, depression, transition struggles, grief and trauma. I also assist with facilitating better communication skills between children and their caregivers or between couples. The goal of therapy is to facilitate a relationship where the client feels comfortable and motivated to work on their individual area(s) of concern. You're in the driver's seat, I assist with providing a road map to reach your individual goals.
(814) 564-5195 View (814) 564-5195
Photo of Jehlisah Vaccarella, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mifflintown, PA
Jehlisah Vaccarella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112  (Online Only)
Hi there, I'm Jehlisah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania. I empower individuals to overcome some of life's biggest stressors while also finding ways to manage stress, cope with life changes, anxiety and depression.
Hi there, I'm Jehlisah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Pennsylvania. I empower individuals to overcome some of life's biggest stressors while also finding ways to manage stress, cope with life changes, anxiety and depression.
(717) 929-8899 View (717) 929-8899
Photo of Megan Youtz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Megan Youtz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
East Petersburg, PA 17520
My approach to counseling is to hold sacred space with you- this space and dedicated time is especially sacred in the hustle and bustle of life. To prioritize, slow down and explore your human experience might feel like a luxury, but in fact it is a necessity. Sometimes life pulls us so hard, that we are forced into this space, other times it is a slow burn that builds. When we listen carefully, we often can figure out what we need, lovingly challenge the thoughts that do not serve us and take steps to connecting to our authentic selves.
My approach to counseling is to hold sacred space with you- this space and dedicated time is especially sacred in the hustle and bustle of life. To prioritize, slow down and explore your human experience might feel like a luxury, but in fact it is a necessity. Sometimes life pulls us so hard, that we are forced into this space, other times it is a slow burn that builds. When we listen carefully, we often can figure out what we need, lovingly challenge the thoughts that do not serve us and take steps to connecting to our authentic selves.
(717) 347-0562 View (717) 347-0562
Alexia Drust
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chambersburg, PA 17201
We all have stories and experiences that make us unique, and as a military spouse I can empathize with just how chaotic life can be and the challenges that go along with that chaos. I enjoy helping others navigate their journey by coming alongside them to encourage their strengths and share new skills.
We all have stories and experiences that make us unique, and as a military spouse I can empathize with just how chaotic life can be and the challenges that go along with that chaos. I enjoy helping others navigate their journey by coming alongside them to encourage their strengths and share new skills.
(223) 217-8726 View (223) 217-8726
Photo of Mental-Ease, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mifflintown, PA
Mental-Ease
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18104  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm so glad you're taking steps to your own growth. I'd love to be a part of that journey! My style of therapy is focused in rational thinking and empathetic listening. I like to remind my clients to recognize the power they hold in their own lives. I work collaboratively with my clients to increase self-worth and reframe faulty or problematic narratives and patterns. I try to create and maintain an environment of safety and validation to support individuals in overcoming past and/or current obstacles and creating last change in their lives.
Hi! I'm so glad you're taking steps to your own growth. I'd love to be a part of that journey! My style of therapy is focused in rational thinking and empathetic listening. I like to remind my clients to recognize the power they hold in their own lives. I work collaboratively with my clients to increase self-worth and reframe faulty or problematic narratives and patterns. I try to create and maintain an environment of safety and validation to support individuals in overcoming past and/or current obstacles and creating last change in their lives.
(610) 795-9870 View (610) 795-9870

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Mifflintown, PA

< 10

Therapists in Mifflintown, PA who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
100% Self Esteem
83% Relationship Issues
83% Depression
83% Spirituality
67% Grief
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Highmark
100% Capital Blue Cross
83% Optum

How Therapists in Mifflintown, PA see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mifflintown?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.