Area USDA 2019 crop production summaries

Special note: When producers were surveyed, there was significant unharvested acreage of corn in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; and soybean acreage not yet harvested in Michigan, North Dakota, and Wisconsin. The unharvested area and expected production were included in the totals published in this report.

The National Agricultural Statistics Service will re-contact respondents who previously reported acreage not yet harvested in these States in early spring. If the newly collected data justifies any changes, NASS will update the 2019 corn and soybean estimates published in this report. Stocks estimates are also subject to review since unharvested production is included in the estimate of on-farm stocks.

South Dakota

SIOUX FALLS - Corn for grain production in South Dakota based on year-end surveys is estimated at 567 million bushels, down 27 percent from 2018, according to the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service. Yield of 145 bushels per acre is down 15 bushels from last year. Farmers harvested, or expect to harvest, 3.91 million acres of corn for grain, down 20 percent from 2018. Corn for silage production is 5.95 million tons, up slightly from 2018. Yield of 17.5 tons per acre is up 1.0 ton from last year and a record high. Farmers harvested 340,000 acres, down 6 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted to corn for all purposes is 4.35 million acres, down 18 percent from last year.

Soybean production for 2019 totaled 146 million bushels, down 42 percent from 2018. Yield, at 42.5 bushels per acre, is down 2.5 bushels from a year earlier. Area for harvest, at 3.44 million acres, is down 38 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted is 3.50 million acres, down 38 percent from last year.

Alfalfa hay production, at 4.47 million tons, is up 19 percent from a year earlier. The average yield, at 2.35 tons per acre, is up 0.20 ton per acre from 2018. Area harvested, at 1.90 million acres, is up 9 percent from 2018. Alfalfa haylage and greenchop at 438,000 tons, is down 3 percent from a year earlier. Average yield, at 3.50 tons per acre, is down 2.50 tons per acre from 2018 and a record low. Area harvested, at 125,000 acres, is up 67 percent from 2018 and a record high. Seedings of alfalfa during 2019 totaled 135,000 acres, down 35,000 acres from the year earlier.

All other hay production, at 2.54 million tons, is up 25 percent from a year earlier. The average yield, at 1.75 tons per acre, is up 0.40 ton per acre from last year. Area harvested, at 1.45 million acres, is down 3 percent from 2018. All other haylage and greenchop production, at 293,000 tons, is up 44 percent from a year earlier. Average yield, at 4.50 tons per acre, is unchanged from last year. Area harvested, at 65,000 acres, is up 44 percent from 2018.

Sorghum for grain production in 2019 is estimated at 14.0 million bushels, down 13 percent from 2018. Yield, at 80.0 bushels per acre, is unchanged from a year earlier. Area harvested for grain, at 175,000 acres, is down 13 percent from 2018. Sorghum for silage production is 845,000 tons, up 69 percent from 2018. Yield of 13.0 tons per acre is up 0.5 ton from last year. Farmers harvested 65,000 acres, up 63 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted to sorghum for all purposes is 250,000 acres, down 4 percent from last year.

Oil sunflower production in 2019 is 782 million pounds, down 11 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,700 pounds per acre, is down 130 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 460,000 acres, is down 4 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted is 485,000 acres, down 7 percent from last year. Non-oil sunflower production of 49.6 million pounds is down 43 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,600 pounds per acre, is down 350 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 31,000 acres, is down 14,000 acres from 2018. Total acreage planted is 48,000 acres, down 6 percent from last year.

Proso millet production in 2019 is estimated at 1.48 million bushels, up 3 percent from last year's production. Yield, at 38.0 bushels per acre, is up 1.0 bushel from a year earlier. Area harvested for grain, at 39,000 acres, is unchanged from 2018. Total acreage planted is 51,000 acres, up 6 percent from last year.

Dry edible pea production is estimated at 330,000 cwt, down 17 percent from 2018 and a record low. Yield is estimated at 2,200 pounds per acre, up 100 pounds from last year and a record high. Acres harvested are estimated at 15,000, down 21 percent from a year ago and a record low. Total acreage planted is 16,000 acres, down 27 percent from last year and a record low.

South Dakota flaxseed estimates have been discontinued from the NASS annual crop estimating program starting in 2019.

Safflower production is estimated at 6.90 million pounds, down 64 percent from 2018 and a record low. Yield per harvested acre is estimated at 600 pounds, down 500 pounds from last year and a record low. Acres harvested are estimated at 11,500, down 34 percent from a year ago and a record low. Total acreage planted is 13,800 acres, down 4,700 acres from last year and a record low.

North Dakota

FARGO, N.D. - Corn for grain production in North Dakota based on yearend surveys is estimated at 455 million bushels, up 2 percent from 2018, according to the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service. Yield of 141 bushels per acre is down 12 bushels from last year. Farmers harvested, or expect to harvest, 3.23 million acres of corn for grain, up 10 percent from 2018. Corn for silage production totaled 2.73 million tons, up 7 percent from 2018. Yield, at 19.5 tons per acre, is up 4.5 tons per acre from a year earlier. Area for harvest, at 140,000 acres is down 18 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted for all purposes is 3.50 million acres, up 11 percent from last year.

Soybean production for 2019 totaled 174 million bushels, down 27 percent from 2018. Yield, at 32.0 bushels per acre, is down 3.0 bushels from a year earlier. Area for harvest, or expected harvest, at 5.45 million acres, is down 20 percent 2018. Total acreage planted is 5.60 million acres, down 19 percent from last year.

Potato production is 20.3 million cwt, down 14 percent from 2018. Yield, at 350 cwt per acre and a record high, is up 25 cwt from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 58,000 acres, is down 15,000 acres from 2018. Total acreage planted is 73,000, down 1,500 acres from last year.

Oil sunflower production in 2019 is 645 million pounds, down 3 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,500 pounds per acre, is down 250 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 430,000 acres, is up 13 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted is 470,000 acres, up 19 percent from last year. Non-oil sunflower production of 95.7 million pounds is up 29 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,650 pounds per acre, is down 210 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 58,000 acres, is up 18,000 from 2018. Total acreage planted is 65,000 acres, up 59 percent from last year.

Canola production of 2.90 billion pounds is down 6 percent from last year. Yield of 1,800 pounds per acre is down 160 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 1.61 million acres, is up 30,000 from 2018 and a record high. Total acreage planted is 1.70 million acres, up 7 percent from last year and a record high.

Flaxseed production is estimated at 5.06 million bushels, up 33 percent from 2018. Yield per harvested acre is estimated at 22.0 bushels, down 2.0 bushels from last year. Acres harvested are estimated at 230,000, up from 158,000 a year ago. Total acreage planted is 275,000 acres, up 67 percent from last year.

Dry edible bean production is 7.69 million cwt. with a yield of 1,400 pounds per acre. Area harvested is 550,000 acres with total acreage planted of 615,000 acres. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from the dry edible bean estimates.

All chickpea production in 2019 is 325 thousand cwt, down 83 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,710 pounds per acre, is down 30 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 19,000 acres, is down 82 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted is 41,000 acres, down 64 percent from last year.

Dry edible pea production is estimated at 9.27 million cwt, up 15 percent from 2018. Yield is estimated at 2,260 pounds per acre, up 60 pounds from last year. Acres harvested are estimated at 410,000, up 12 percent from a year ago. Total acreage planted is 425,000 acres, up 13 percent from last year.

Lentil production is estimated at 1.05 million cwt, down 56 percent from the previous year. Yield is estimated at 1,300 pounds per acre, down 70 pounds from last year. Acres harvested are estimated at 81,000, down 54 percent from 2018. Total acreage planted is 95,000 acres, down 49 percent from last year.

Sugarbeet production is estimated at 4.42 million tons, down 23 percent from last year. Yield is estimated at 26.0 tons per acre, down 2.8 tons from the previous year. Acres harvested are estimated at 170,000 acres, down 15 percent from the previous year. Total acreage planted is 212,000 acres, up 10,000 acres from last year.

North Dakota safflower estimates have been discontinued from the NASS annual crop estimating program starting in 2019.

Alfalfa hay production, at 2.20 million tons, is down 12 percent from a year earlier. The average yield, at 1.80 tons per acre, is up 0.10 ton per acre from 2018. Area harvested for dry hay, at 1.22 million acres, is down 17 percent from 2018. Seedings of alfalfa during 2019 totaled 70,000 acres, down 25,000 acres from the year earlier. All other hay production, at 1.92 million tons, is unchanged. Average yield, at 1.60 tons per acre, is unchanged from last year. Area harvested at 1.20 million acres, is unchanged from 2018.

Minnesota

Corn for grain production in Minnesota during 2019 is estimated at 1.26 billion bushels, according to the USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service – Crop Production 2019 Summary report. The estimate is up 2 percent from the November 1 forecast but down 7 percent from 2018. Minnesota's corn for grain yield is estimated at 174 bushels per acre, 4 bushels more than the November 1 forecast. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 7.26 million acres, down 50,000 acres from the November 1 forecast and 200,000 acres below 2018. Corn planted for all purposes in 2019 is estimated at 7.80 million acres, down 100,000 acres from 2018.

Corn for silage production is estimated at 8.74 million tons, up 17 percent from 2018. The silage yield estimate of 19.0 tons per acre, down 3.0 tons from 2018. Producers harvested 460,000 acres of corn for silage, an increase of 120,000 acres from 2018.

Soybean production is estimated at 298 million bushels in 2019, down 3 percent from the November 1 forecast and down 21 percent from 2018. Minnesota soybean growers averaged 44.0 bushels per acre in 2019. This is down 1.0 bushel from the November 1 forecast and down 5.0 bushels from the 2018 yield. The harvested acreage of 6.77 million is down 50,000 acres from the November 1 estimate and 880,000 acres below 2018. Soybean planted acreage, at 6.85 million acres, is down 900,000 acres from 2018.

All hay production for the state is estimated at 2.97 million tons, down 4 percent from the 3.08 million tons produced in 2018. Producers averaged 2.70 tons per acre, up from 2.52 tons in 2018. All hay harvested acres is estimated at 1.10 million acres, down 10 percent from 2018.

Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures for hay production is estimated at 2.26 million tons, up 10 percent from 2018. Producers averaged 3.10 tons per acre, 0.25 ton above the 2018 yield. Harvested acres, at 730,000, are up 10,000 acres from 2018. Minnesota producers seeded 160,000 acres of new seedings of alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures in 2019, up 30,000 from the previous year.

Other hay production is estimated at 703,000 tons, 31 percent below 2018. Producers averaged 1.90 tons per acre, down 0.15 ton per acre from 2018. Harvested acres of other hay, at 370,000, is down 130,000 from the previous year.

Sugarbeet production is estimated at 8.40 million tons, down 20 percent from 2018. Yield averaged 25.0 tons per acre, down 0.7 ton from last year. Producers harvested 336,000 acres, down 72,000 acres from 2018.

Oil Sunflower production is estimated at 94.4 million pounds, down 5 percent from 2018. Producers averaged 1,850 pounds per acre, down 18 percent from 2018. Oil sunflower harvested area is 51,000 acres. Non-oil sunflower production is estimated at 8.28 million pounds, down 44 percent from 2018. The non-oil sunflower yield is estimated at 1,800 pounds per acre, down 350 pounds from 2018. Area harvested for non-oil sunflowers is 4,600 acres.

Iowa

Corn for grain production in Iowa for 2019 is estimated at 2.58 billion bushels, according to the USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Crop Production 2019 Summary report. Current year production is 3 percent more than the previous year’s 2.50 billion bushels. Iowa has led the Nation in corn production for the last 26 consecutive years and 41 of the last 42 years. Iowa's corn for grain yield is estimated at 198 bushels per acre. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 13.1 million acres, 300,000 acres above 2018. Corn planted for all purposes in 2019 is estimated at 13.5 million acres.

Corn for silage production is estimated at 7.92 million tons, up 43 percent from 2018. The silage yield estimate of 22.0 tons per acre is up 1.5 tons per acre from 2018. Producers harvested 360,000 acres of corn for silage, up 33 percent from 2018.

Soybean production is estimated at 502 million bushels in 2019. This is down 9 percent from last year’s 550 million bushels. The Iowa soybean crop yielded 55.0 bushels per acre in 2019. The harvested acreage of 9.12 million is down 710,000 acres from 2018. Soybean planted acreage, at 9.20 million, is down 750,000 acres from 2018.

All hay production for the state is estimated at 3.12 million tons, up 4 percent from the 3.00 million tons produced in 2018. Producers averaged 3.05 tons per acre, down from 3.19 tons in 2018. All hay harvested acres are estimated at 1.02 million acres, up 80,000 acres from 2018.

Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures production is estimated at 2.38 million tons, up 4 percent from 2018. Producers averaged 3.40 tons per acre, down 0.30 ton from 2018. Harvested acres are up 80,000 from last year, to 700,000 acres. Iowa producers seeded 140,000 acres of new seedings of alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures in 2019, up 33 percent from 2018. Other hay production is estimated at 736,000 tons, up 5 percent from 2018. Producers averaged 2.30 tons per acre, up 0.10 ton per acre from the 2018 yield. Harvested acres of other hay, at 320,000, are equal to 2018 acres.

Nebraska

LINCOLN, Neb. - Corn for grain production in Nebraska based on year-end surveys is estimated at 1.79 billion bushels, down slightly from 2018, according to the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service. Yield of 182 bushels per acre is down 10 bushels from last year. Farmers harvested 9.81 million acres of corn for grain, up 5 percent from 2018. Corn for silage production is 4.60 million tons, down slightly from last year. Silage yield of 23.0 tons per acre is up 2.0 tons from last year. Corn for silage harvested acreage of 200,000 acres is down 20,000 acres from last year. Corn acreage planted for all purposes is 10.1 million acres, up 5 percent from last year.

Soybean production for 2019 totaled 283 million bushels, down 13 percent from 2018. Yield, at 58.5 bushels per acre, is up 0.5 bushel from a year earlier. Area for harvest, at 4.84 million acres, is down 13 percent from 2018. Planted acreage totaled 4.90 million acres, down 13 percent from last year.

Sorghum for grain production in 2019 is estimated at 12.1 million bushels, down 24 percent from 2018. Yield, at 93.0 bushels per acre, is down 1.0 bushel from a year earlier. Area harvested for grain, at 130,000 acres, is down 24 percent from 2018. Sorghum for silage production is 600,000 tons, up 173 percent from last year. Silage yield of 10.0 tons per acre is down 1.0 ton from last year. Sorghum for silage harvested acreage of 60,000 acres is up 40,000 acres from last year. Sorghum acreage planted for all purposes is 200,000 acres, down 30,000 acres from last year.

Alfalfa hay production, at 3.61 million tons, is down 1 percent from a year earlier. The average yield, at 3.80 tons per acre, is down 0.50 ton per acre from 2018. Area harvested, at 950,000 acres, is up 12 percent from 2018. Alfalfa haylage and greenchop production, at 205,000 tons, is up 105 percent from last year. Average yield, at 4.10 tons per acre, is up 0.10 ton per acre from last year. Area harvested, at 50,000 acres, is up 25,000 acres from last year. Seedings of alfalfa during 2019 totaled 140,000 acres, up 20,000 acres from a year earlier.

All other hay production, at 2.48 million tons, is down 26 percent from last year. The average yield, at 1.65 tons per acre, is down 0.15 ton per acre from last year. Area harvested, at 1.50 million acres, is down 19 percent from 2018. All other haylage and greenchop production, at 145,000 tons, is up 42 percent from last year. Average yield, at 5.80 tons per acre, is down 1.00 ton per acre from last year. Area harvested, at 25,000 acres, is up 10,000 acres from last year.

Proso millet production in 2019 is estimated at 3.29 million bushels, up 27 percent from last year's production. Yield, at 31.0 bushels per acre, is down 1.0 bushel from a year earlier. Area harvested for grain, at 106,000 acres, is up 31 percent from 2018. Area planted, at 115,000 acres, is up 21 percent from last year.

Oil sunflower production in 2019 is 33.8 million pounds, down 1 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,300 pounds per acre, is down 120 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 26,000 acres, is up 8 percent from 2018. Area planted, at 28,000 acres, is up 12 percent from last year. Non-oil sunflower production of 11.1 million pounds is down 17 percent from last year. Yield, at 1,300 pounds per acre, is down 100 pounds from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 8,500 acres, is down 1,000 acres from 2018. Area planted, at 9,000 acres, is down 25 percent from last year.

Sugarbeet production is estimated at 1.07 million tons, down 24 percent from last year. Yield is estimated at 25.4 tons per acre, down 6.5 tons from the previous year. Acres harvested are estimated at 42,100 acres, down 5 percent from the previous year. Area planted, at 44,000 acres, is down 1,500 acres from last year.

Dry edible bean production is estimated at 1.88 million cwt with a yield of 1,940 pounds per acre. Area harvested is estimated at 97,000 acres with total acreage planted of 120,000 acres. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from the dry edible bean estimates.

Dry edible pea production is estimated at 667,000 cwt, down 26 percent from 2018. Yield is estimated at 2,300 pounds per acre, up 460 pounds from last year. Acres harvested are estimated at 29,000, down 41 percent from a year ago. Total acreage planted is 31,000 acres, down 47 percent from last year.

Potato production is 9.46 million cwt, up 2 percent from 2018. Yield, at 480 cwt per acre, is unchanged from a year earlier. Area harvested, at 19,700 acres, is up 400 acres from 2018. Area planted, at 20,000 acres, is up 500 acres from last year.

United States corn and soybean production

Corn for grain production in 2019 was estimated at 13.7 billion bushels, down 5 percent from the revised 2018 estimate. The average yield in the United States was estimated at 168.0 bushels per acre, 8.4 bushels below the 2018 yield of 176.4 bushels per acre. Area harvested for grain was estimated at 81.5 million acres, up less than 1 percent from the revised 2018 estimate.

Soybean production in 2019 totaled 3.56 billion bushels, down 20 percent from 2018. The average yield per acre was estimated at 47.4 bushels, down 3.2 bushels from 2018. Harvested area was down 14 percent from 2018 to 75.0 million acres.