Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T00:22:35.226Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wireless sensor node remote supply using a compact stacked rectenna array with voltage multipliers at 2.45 GHz

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2019

Hichem Mahfoudi Open the ORCID record for Hichem Mahfoudi [Opens in a new window] ,
Hakim Takhedmit ,
Mohamed Tellache  and
Sebastien Boisseau
Hichem Mahfoudi*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Instrumentation (LINS), Faculty of Electronics and Computers, USTHB, BP.32, EI-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, Algiers16111, Algeria
Hakim Takhedmit
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Est. ESYCOM (FRE 2028), UPEMLV, ESIEE-Paris, CNAM, Marne-la-Vallee F.77454, France
Mohamed Tellache
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Instrumentation (LINS), Faculty of Electronics and Computers, USTHB, BP.32, EI-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, Algiers16111, Algeria
Sebastien Boisseau
Affiliation:
CEA, Leti, Minatec Campus 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble F-38054, France
*
Author for correspondence: Hichem Mahfoudi, E-mail: hmahfoudi@usthb.dz
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper presents compact rectenna arrays for ambient RF energy harvesting on the 2.45 GHz ISM band. The arrays are based on four and nine series-connected rectenna cells. Each cell is composed of a stacked fractal antenna and an RF-to-dc conversion circuit. The antenna is a compact third Koch fractal shape, fed by a coaxial probe for more compactness. The conversion circuit is a full-wave rectifier with a differential output, each DC polarity is provided by a two-stage Dickson voltage multiplier. Measurement results show a significant increase of the output DC voltage for the one, four, and nine cells rectenna arrays. They provide, for power density of 1.7 μW/cm2, an output DC voltage of 0.9, 2.2, and 4.1 Volts, respectively. The 9 cells rectenna array is used in a remote supply experiment of a temperature and acceleration wireless sensor, where the data are transmitted via a Bluetooth low energy link to a distant smartphone every 1 min.

Keywords

Antenna arrayDickson voltage multiplierfractal shaped antennarectennasrectenna associationRF energy harvestingSchottky diode
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , May 2020 , pp. 309 - 315
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Talla, V, Kellogg, B, Gollakota, S and Smith, JR (2017) Battery-free cellphone. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 1, 1–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Takhedmit, H, Cirio, L, Merabet, B, Allard, B, Costa, F, Vollaire, C and Picon, O (2010) Efficient 2.45 GHz rectenna design including harmonic rejecting rectifier device. Electronics Letters, 46, 811–812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Hagerty, JA, Helmbrecht, FB, Mccalpin, WH, Zane, R and Popovic, ZB (2004) Recycling ambient microwave energy with broad-band rectenna arrays. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 52, 1014–1024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Palazzi, V, Hester, J, Bito, J, Alimenti, F, Kalialakis, C and Collado, A (2018) A novel ultra-lightweight multiband rectenna on paper for RF energy harvesting in the next generation LTE bands. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 66, 366–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Kuhn, V, Seguin, F, Lahuec, C and Person, C (2016) Enhancing RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of wideband RF energy harvesters using multi-tone optimization technique. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 8, 143–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Takhedmit, H, Saddi, Z, Karami, A, Basset, P and Cirio, L (2017) Electrostatic vibration energy harvester with 2.4-GHz Cockcroft–Walton rectenna start-up. Comptes Rendus Physique, 18, 98–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Yang, Y, Li, L, Li, J, Liu, Y, Zhang, B, Zhu, H and Huang, K (2018) A circularly polarized rectenna array based on substrate integrated waveguide structure with harmonic suppression. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 17, 684–688.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Chen, YS and Chiu, CW (2017) Maximum achievable power conversion efficiency obtained through an optimized rectenna structure for RF energy harvesting. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 65, 2305–2317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Khemar, A, Kacha, A, Takhedmit, H and Abib, G (2017) Design and experiments of a dual-band rectenna for ambient RF energy harvesting in urban environments. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 12, 49–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Farswan, A, Gautam, AK, Kanaujia, BK and Rambabu, K (2016) Design of Koch fractal circularly polarized antenna for handheld UHF RFID reader applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 64, 771–775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Zeng, M, Andrenko, AS, Liu, X, Li, Z and Tan, HZ (2017) A compact fractal loop rectenna for RF energy harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 16, 2424–2427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Lu, P, Yang, XS, Li, JL and Wang, BZ (2016) Polarization reconfigurable broadband rectenna with unable matching network for microwave power transmission. IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation, 64, 1136–1141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Song, C, Huang, Y, Zhou, J, Zhang, J, Yuan, S and Carter, P (2015) A high-efficiency broadband rectenna for ambient wireless energy harvesting. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 63, 3486–3495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Arrawatia, M, Baghini, MS and Kumar, G (2016) Broadband bent triangular omnidirectional antenna for RF energy harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 15, 36–39.Google Scholar
15.Congedo, F, Monti, G, Tarricone, L and Bella, V (2013) A 2.45-GHz Vivaldi rectenna for the remote activation of an end device radio node. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13, 3454–3461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Olgun, U, Chen, C-C and Volakis J, L (2012) Design of an efficient ambient WiFi energy harvesting system. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 6, 1200–1206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Balanis, CA (2005) Rectangular patch. In Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Edn. New York: Wiley-Interscience, pp. 817–820.Google Scholar
18.Sun, H and Geyi, W (2017) A new rectenna using beamwidth-enhanced antenna array for RF power harvesting applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 16, 1451–1454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Chiu, C-Y.Shen, S and RD., Murch (2017) A dual-port triple-band L-probe microstrip patch rectenna for ambient RF energy harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 16, 3071–3074.Google Scholar