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About this Series

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) occurs when diminishing levels of estrogen set off adverse changes to a woman's vulvovaginal anatomy and trigger a rise in vaginal pH. Characterized by painful dryness, irritation, dysuria, frequent and urgent urination, dyspareunia, recurrent urinary tract infections, and spotting, the symptoms of GSM can affect—and even restrict—daily functions in women.

Patient surveys show that women frequently resign themselves to symptoms of GSM, mistaking them for natural consequences of aging rather than signs of a chronic, progressive, and treatable condition.

As longevity increases, the postmenopausal population is expected to swell to 1.1 billion women worldwide in 2025. GSM is estimated to affect 40%-60% of that group, underscoring the need to raise awareness among clinicians of the spectrum of treatment options available for this condition.

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