Phenotypic Characteristics of GAD Antibody-Positive Recently Diagnosed Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North America and Europe

Table 1.  Baseline Characteristics by GAD Antibody Status

	GAD positive	GAD negative	P
n	174	3,960	—
Age (years)	57.0 ± 0.799	56.5 ± 0.159	0.524
Male (%)	55.8	57.7	0.605
BMI (kg/m2)	31.4 ± 0.466	32.0 ± 0.091	0.231
Waist circumference (cm)	103.9 ± 1.17	105.5 ± 0.233	0.178
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.942 ± 0.007	0.948 ± 0.001	0.391
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)	8.49 ± 0.105	8.39 ± 0.022	0.357
HbA1c (%)	7.49 ± 0.070	7.35 ± 0.015	0.066
Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l)	133 ± 9.89	150 ± 1.73	0.045
HOMA-IR ([µU/ml]/[mmol/l])	5.36 (4.83-5.95)	6.38 (6.25-6.51)	0.0005
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	131.2 ± 1.19	132.9 ± 0.25	0.144
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78.6 ± 0.71	79.7 ± 0.14	0.132
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.26 (1.22-1.31)	1.21 (1.20-1.22)	0.035
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	3.83 (3.68-4.00)	3.97 (3.94-4.00)	0.091
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.67 (1.52-1.83)	1.86 (1.83-1.90)	0.011

 

Data are means ± SE or geometric mean (95% CI).

 

Table 1.  Baseline Characteristics by GAD Antibody Status

	GAD positive	GAD negative	P
n	174	3,960	—
Age (years)	57.0 ± 0.799	56.5 ± 0.159	0.524
Male (%)	55.8	57.7	0.605
BMI (kg/m2)	31.4 ± 0.466	32.0 ± 0.091	0.231
Waist circumference (cm)	103.9 ± 1.17	105.5 ± 0.233	0.178
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.942 ± 0.007	0.948 ± 0.001	0.391
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)	8.49 ± 0.105	8.39 ± 0.022	0.357
HbA1c (%)	7.49 ± 0.070	7.35 ± 0.015	0.066
Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l)	133 ± 9.89	150 ± 1.73	0.045
HOMA-IR ([µU/ml]/[mmol/l])	5.36 (4.83-5.95)	6.38 (6.25-6.51)	0.0005
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	131.2 ± 1.19	132.9 ± 0.25	0.144
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78.6 ± 0.71	79.7 ± 0.14	0.132
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.26 (1.22-1.31)	1.21 (1.20-1.22)	0.035
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	3.83 (3.68-4.00)	3.97 (3.94-4.00)	0.091
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.67 (1.52-1.83)	1.86 (1.83-1.90)	0.011

 

Data are means ± SE or geometric mean (95% CI).

 

Table 2.  Prevalence of NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) Metabolic Syndrome Criteria by GAD Antibody Status

	GAD positive	GAD negative	P
n	174	3,960	—
Metabolic syndrome positive	74.1	83.7	<0.001
Fasting glucose >6.1 mmol/l	100	100	—
Waist circumference >102 cm (male), >88 cm (female)	66.7	70.0	0.335
Blood pressure ≥130 systolic or diastolic ≥85 mmHg	77.0	78.6	0.627
Triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/l	57.5	65.2	0.054
HDL cholesterol <1.0 mmol/l (male), <1.3 mmol/l (female)	33.3	39.3	0.144

 

Data are percent unless otherwise indicated.

 

Authors and Disclosures

Bernard Zinman,¹ Steven E. Kahn,² Steven M. Haffner,³ M. Colleen O'Neill,⁴ Mark A. Heise,⁴ and Martin I. Freed ⁴ for the ADOPT Study Group*

¹Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ²Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; ³University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio Texas; and ⁴GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania

*A complete list of the ADOPT Study Group members can be found in the Appendix.

Disclosure: B.Z., S.E.K., and S.M.H. have received honoraria, consulting fees, and grant/research support from GlaxoSmithKline.

Appendix

List of ADOPT Investigators and Committees

Prof. Dr. Rudolf Prager, Dr. Heidemarie Abrahamian, Prof. Dr. Bernhard Ludvik, Dr. Reinhard Lober, Nicole Scharf.

Prof. E. Muls, Prof. C. Mathieu; Dr. G. Watté; Dr. G. Vileyn; Dr. G. Mehuys; Dr. R. Leliaert; Dr. P. Roelands; Dr. S. Bresseleers; Dr. F. Heyvaert; Dr. W. Van Peer, Dr. J. Verelst; Dr. R. Wouters; Dr. G. Vandistel; Dr. G. Dedeyne, H. Morobé; M. Carpentier; A. Ceusters.

Ronnie Aronson, MD, Cathy Halyk; Gordon Bailey, MD, Audrey Hollingshead; André Bélanger, MD, Marie-Claire Meilleur; Joseph Berlingieri, MD, Fern Petrie; Makram Boctor, MD, Meena Pole; William Booth, MD, Florence Landry; Jacques Bouchard, MD, Linda Morin; Raphael Cheung, MD, Denise St. Louis; Gary Costain, MD, Douglas Tweel, MD, Maggie Ferguson; Keith Dawson, MD, Joyce Lewis; Jean-Marie Ékoé, MD, Josée DesCormiers; Pierre Filteau, MD, Guylaine Janelle; Pierre Fournier, MD, Louise Piuze; Claude Garceau, MD, Lyne Kelly; Daniel Gaudet, MD, Patrice Perron, MD, Lyne Côté; Ronald Goldenberg, MD, Sharon Code, Tara Coady-MacKinnon; Irving Gottesman, MD, Donna Hasler; Jean Pierre Hallé, MD, Aline Toupin; Philip Hardin, MD, Beverly Sternberg; Robyn Houlden, MD, Tish LaVallee; Irene Hramiak, MD, Sharon Powers; Christopher Kovacs, MD, Bernadette Rowe; Christopher Lai, MD, Suzanne Galandzy; René LaMontagne, MD, Huguette LaMontagne; David Lau, MD, Mary Ann Clearwaters; Lawrence Leiter, MD, Danielle Bedard; Sora Ludwig, MD, Sharon Erickson-Nesmith; Mary MacSween, MD, Beth Cole; Pierre Maheux, MD, Patrice Perron, MD, Mireille Luc; Suba Mann, MD, Sheila Brown; Liam Murphy, MD, Lori Berard; T.C. Ooi, MD, Colette Favreau; André Parent, MD, Monique Blais; Malvinder Parmar, MD, Myra Marsh; Edmond Ryan, MD, Mary Pick; Daniel Shu, MD, Sylvie Prieur; Ehud Ur, MD, Tabitha Palmer; Lucretia van den Berg, MD, Renza Brown; Timothy Zmijowskyj, MD, Roy-anne Poirier.

Prof. MUDr. Terezie Pelikánová, Doc. MUDr. Alexandra Jirkovská; Doc. MUDr. Milan Kvapil, MUDr. Dagmar Bartášková; MUDr. František Pátek, MUDr. Nad'a Shorná; Prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Rybka, MUDr. Lubomír švestka; MUDr. Marek Honka, Anna Navrátilová.

Dr. Henning Beck-Nielsen, Dr. Iben Brock Jacobsen; Dr. Klaus Koelendorf.

Johan Eriksson MD, PhD, Tom Forsén MD, PhD; Mauno Vanhala MD, PhD, Jarmo Starck MD; Jouko Saramies MD, Tuija Hurskainen; Juha Saltevo MD, Ulla Venesmaa MD; Tina Hellsten, MD, Maria Söderlund-Sarpoma.

Dr. Phillippe Blanchard, Dr. Jacques Leclaire; Dr. Gérard Lalanne, Dr. Jean Claude Gaube; Dr. Françoise Leroy-Duroure, Dr. Regis Soullard; Dr. Christian Faugere, Dr. Raphael Moreno; Dr. Yves Mercey, Dr. Raphael Moreno, Dr. Bruno Pellenq, Dr. Philippe Roche; Dr. Jean-Noël Nal, Dr. Remi Fonteny; Dr. Didier Sacareau, Dr. Michel Bismuth; Dr. Gilles Sorbé; Dr. Pierre Causse; Dr. Christian Scellier; Dr. Didier Cadinot; Dr. François Lacoin, Dr. Jean-Louis Rose, Dr. Lucien Esquerre; Dr. Salam Farhat; Dr. Nicolas Breton; Dr. Nathan Abenhaim; Dr. Francois Spilthooren, Dr. Bernard Pairin; Dr. Alain Boye, Dr. Luc Formagne; Dr. Dominique Lejay, Dr. Marc Herent; Dr. Jacques Marty, Dr. Serge Faligot; Dr. Bernard Chagnoux; Dr. Alain El Sawy, Dr. Jean-Pierre Allamanno; Dr. Alain Duplan, Dr. Marc Fleury; Dr. Loic Boucher, Dr. Denis Marin; Dr. Gilles Faugas, Dr. Jean-Jacques Vanpraet; Dr. Eric De Sainte Lorette, Dr. Jean-Claude Mouchet; Dr. Thierry Latte, Dr. Denis Diard; Dr. Philippe Esteve, Dr. Bernard Lafaurie; Dr. Alain Dyan, Dr. Michel Braud; Dr. Jacques Dupouy, Dr. Michel Chay; Dr. Jean-Marie Letzeltzer, Dr. Michel Arnould; Dr. Leon Grynsztejn, Dr. Christian Hereng; Pr Bernard Charbonnel; Dr. Alain Queguiner; Dr. Jean-Pierre Champin, Dr. Pierre Livet; Dr. Didier Rabaud; Dr. Christian Ravier.

Dr. Karl Streier; Dr. Gebhard Weber; Dr. Andreas Trieb; Dr. Wolfgang Schmidt, Dr. Margarete Schmidt; Dr. Michael Simonsohn; Dr. Helmut Anderten; Dr. Stephan Maxeiner; Dr. Günter Petig; Dr. Johannes Heidemann; Dr. Ulrich Engels; Dr. Holger Menke; Dr. Karlheinz Hehemann; Dr. Michael Orlowski; Dr. Ulrich Buschmann; Dr. Hans-Georg Leonhardt; Dr. Gerhard Klausmann; Dr. Hans-Joachim Herrmann; Dr. Ulrich Wendisch, Dr. Andreas Klinge; Dr. Gero Stumpf; Dr. Joachim Sauter, Dr. Gerard Tangerding; Dr. Andor Schmidt; Dr. Jochen Schaller; Dr. Waldemar Fischer; Dr. Hubert Wübbolding; Dr. Godehard Woywod; Dr. Joachim Minnich, Dr. Christiane Klein; Dr. Suleinam Kaspari; Dr. Michael Leidert; Dr. Thomas Block, Dr. Jochen Lind; Dr. Doris Böhme; Dr. Ali Boustani; Dr. Roland Braun; Dr. Armin Buerk; Dr. H.M. Frick; Dr. Heinz Gerbatowski, Dr. Josef Grosskopf; Dr. Heino Hebbeln; Dr. Klaus Hess; Dr. Karl-Heinz Hey; Dr. Christine Kosch; Dr. W.A. Kratschmann; Dr. Wolfgang Lieske; Dr. Irmgard Maier-Bosse; Dr. Sylvia Mantz; Dr. Michael Möckesch, Dr. Beate Möckesch; Dr. Otmar Müller; Dr. Lutz Partenheimer; Dr. Wilgard Pohl; Dr. Andreas Preusche; Dr. Hans-J Olejnik; Dr. Peter de Faber, Dorothea de Faber; Dr. Norbert Purr; Dr. Holger Samer Dipl. Med; Christine Schindler; Dr. Gerhard Scholz; Dr. Uwe Speier; Dr. Jürgen Wachter; Prof. Dr. Peter Weisweiler; Dr. Thomas Jung, Dr. Nikolaus Jung; Dipl. Med. Kerstin Steinbach; Dr. Muwafeg Abdel Qader; Dr. Heinrich Proba.

József Fovényi, Erzsébet Thaisz; Mihály Tarkó, Barna Bakó.

Prof. Michael Cullen, Mary Ryan; Dr. Donal O'Halloran, Dr. Aoife Brennan; Dr. Richard Firth; Dr. Joseph Sweeney; Dr. Alan Byrne, Karen Canning; Dr. Kevin Kelly, Kathy O'Brien; Dr. Seamus Sreenan, Sandra McAteer; Prof. T.J. McKenna, Dr. James Gibney; Dr. Chris Kyle, Gillian Glasgow; Dr. Roy Harper, Shirley Edgar, Dr. Declan Byrne, Dr. Faud Al-Saraj.

Prof. Fausto Santeusanio, Dr. Gabriele Perriello; Prof. Emanuele Bosi, Dr. Piermarco Piatti; Dr. Giovanni Cicioni; Prof. Carlo Coscelli, Dr. ssa Maria Christina Calderini; Dr. Lamberto DeGiorgio, Dr. Stefano Carro; Prof. Aldo Galluzzo, Dr. Giuseppe Amato; Dr. Stefanogenovese; Prof. Mario Maioli, Dr. Pietro Fresu; Dr.ssa Gabriela Monesi, Dr. ssa Giovanna Lisato; Dr. Claudio Noacco, Dr. Claudio Taboga; Prof. Gianfranco Pagano; Prof. Carlo Rotella; Dr. Giacomo Vespasiani, Dr. Illidio Meloncelli; Dr. Alfonso Basso, Dr.ssa Maria Simoncini; Prof. Francesco Cannata, Dr. Paolo DiBarotolo; Prof. Riccardo Scardapane; Dr. Franco Tomasi; Dr. Corrado Campenelli, Dr. Roberto Norgiolini; Dr. Gianni Formoso, Dr. Mario Nuzzo.

E.H.R. Wins; M. Blok; Jacqueline Huizer; Vivienne van de Walle; W.A. de Backer; V. van Dongen; H.F.C.M. van Mierlo; C. Gieskes; M.J.C. Osinga-Meek; L.I. van Haeften-van Hoedel; P.A. Meurs; J.S.M. van den Hoven-Burink; A.J.M. Boermans.

Dr. Knut Risberg, Lise Fracke; Dr. Arne Skag, Snorre Øfjord; Dr. Johannes Arnesen.

Dr. Juan García Puig, Dr. Teresa Sancho Bueso; Dr. Juan Custardoy Olavarrieta, Dr. J. Manuel Ortín Arraniz; Dr. Alberto Martín Hidalgo, Dr. Maribel Pérez Soto; Dr. José Ramón Domínguez Escribano, Dr. Leticia Armán Alvarez-Buylla; Dr. Ignasi Castells Fusté, Dr. MS Teresa Rodellar Oncins; Dr. MS Luisa Ramírez Muñoz, Dr. Rosa Cañas Angulo; Dr. Andrés Nubiola Calonge, Dr. Rosa Rosado Muñoz; Dr. José Bueno Gómez , Dr. Javier Tisaire Sánchez; Dr. Francisco Pasquau Liaño, Dr. Victor Martínez López; Dr. Soledad Serrano Corredor, Dr. Sonia Fuentes Luri; Dr. Vicente Estopiñán García; Dr. José Manuel Pascual Izuel, Dr. Enrique Rodilla Sala; Dr. Soledad Ruiz de Adana, Dr. Victor Martín Hurtado de Mendoza; Dr. Tomás Martín González, Manuela Vaquero Martín; Dr. Pedro Checa Zornoza, Mercedes Enrique Rodríguez; Dr. Antonio Hernández Martínez, Dr. Francisco Javier Tébar Masó; Dr. Nieves Alonso Sánchez, Ana Fabregat Hidalgo; Dr. Antonio Hernández Mijares, Leonor Alcover Sorlí; Dr. Pablo Fernández Catalina, Dr. Isabel Alonso Troncoso; Dr. Wilfredo Ricart Engel; Dr. Patricio Arribas Arribas, Dr. Mónica Recasens Sala, Dr. Francisca Fernandez Fernandez; Dr. Rafael Arjona Mateos, Dr. Coral Montalbán Carrasco, Dr. Charo de la Pedraja Murgoitio; Dr. Agueda Muñoz Jiménez, Dr. M. Angeles Brito Pérez; Dr. Mónica Marazuela Azpíroz; Dr. Juan Parra Barona; Dr. Almudena Vicente Delgado, Dr. Amparo Marco Martinez, Dr. Julia Sastre Marcos; Dr. Pedro Jiménez Roset, Dr. M. Angeles Argente Gómez; Dr. Ricardo Arocas Pérez, Dr. José Antonio Durá García; Dr. J. Luis Lafuente Gutiérrez, Dr. Froilán Sánchez Sánchez; Dr. Francisco Valls Roca; Dr. José Luis Llisterri Caro, Dr. Salvador Baixauli Navarro; Dr. Teresa Amoros Barber, Graciela Alcaide Montoliú; Dr. Tomás Sánchez Ruiz, MS Carmen Ramos Díaz; Dr. Vicente Meneu Montolín, Dr. Juan Manuel Pilar Claramonte, Dr. Vicent Cerdá Alfonso; Dr. Concepción Terroba Larumbe, Dr. Olatz Izaola Jáuregui; Dr. Luis de Teresa Parreño, Dr. Ana García Herola, Dr. Julio Cesar Blázquez Encinar.

Dr. Ingrid Linnarsson; Dr. Bo Karlson, Christina Holmgren; Dr. Bengt Littorin; Dr. Ola Strömstedt, Ulla Winnberg; Dr. Dick Larsson, Anita Helgesson.

Dr. Sion Edwards, Dr. Hadyn Mayo; Dr. Emyr Davies, Janet Reece; Dr. Paula Chattington, Sue Donough; Dr. Susan Taylor, Dr. Helen Parry; Dr. Jean Fraser, Pat Green; Dr. J. Maroni, Helen Anderson; Dr. Tom Cahill, Ms Cherry Browne; Dr. A Cooper, Sarah Brew; Dr. Wendy Gatling, Dr. Brenda Howarth; Dr. P. Goozee, Brigid Lenanton; Dr. Jonathan Hamling, Helen Talbot; Dr. John Hole, Jill Wood; Dr. Jeremy Simmons, Jeanette Plummer; Dr. G.C. Viberti, Dr. A. Smith, Jane Fry; Dr. D. Kerr, Dr. Sandra Egan and The Research Team; Dr. R. Abraham, Hannah Ward; Dr. Huw Charles, Melanie Davies; Dr. R. Gadsby, Pam Gadsby; Dr. Corinne Rees-Jones, Dr. Richard Evans; Dr. Ann Weaver, Penny Bowden; Dr. J. Ham, Anne Mills; Dr. P.N. Kulkarni; Dr. Meurig Williams, Lynne Thomas; Dr. M. Baker, Linda Warboys; Dr. Anne Connolly, Chris Portz; Dr. Simon Fearns, Linda Lambley; Dr. J. Trayner, Teresa Baxter; Dr. Graham, Helen Pinder; Dr. Martin Johnson, Hilary Wood; Dr. G. Martin, Chris Smith; Dr. R. Falk, Dr. Dexter; Dr. Dinesh K. Nagi, Miriam Khalifa; Dr. Hall; Dr. E. Montague, Kate O'Brien; Dr. J.U. Weaver, Dr. Akeel Syed; Dr. J. Andrews, Muriel Andrews; Dr. A. Harrower, Katrina Gallacher; Dr. D. McKeith, Dr. F. Doig; Dr. J. Milne; Dr. J.D. Walker, Alison McCallum; Dr. R.S. Gray, Maureen McKay; Dr. J. Repper, Caroline McNiff; Dr. S.J. Gallacher, Joyce Robson.

Andrew Ahmann, MD, Vicki Craig; Cesar Albarracin, MD, Dion Avila; Michael Alderman, MD, Mary Jo Sanguily; Nadine Alex, MD, Amy Bertucci; James Allison, MD, Peggy Johnson; James Anderson, MD, Ruth Oremus; Robert Anderson, MD, Carla Danielson; Richard Arakaki, MD, Robin Yamamoto; Stephen Aronoff, MD, Satanya Brooks; David Baldwin, MD, Nahla Hasabou; Arnaud Bastien, MD, Dawn Linneman; Carolyn Becker, MD; Andrew Behnke, MD; David Bell, MD, Melanie Smith, Robin Noles; Barry Benowitz, MD, Shelly Turner, Coleen Alge; Richard Bernstein, MD, Jeannie Fontanalla; Mark Berntsen, MD; Jeffrey Boggess, MD, Cindy Cunningham; Charles Booras, MD, Barbara Maluchnik; William Bowden, DO, Julie Milano; Bruce Bowling, MD, Sandra Lindsey, Susan Owens; Seth Braunstein, MD, Barbara Duffy; Humberto Bruschetta, MD, Laura Stephens; Geoffrey Burgess, MD, Bernice Burgess; Leroy Byrd, MD, Alicia Sullivan, David Cragg; Nancy Campbell, MD, Patty Mendoza; Robert Capodilupo, MD, Gail Bailargeon; David Carter, MD, Beth Breazeale; Harold Cathcart, MD, Kami Halsey; George Chao, Stephanie Edmondson; Bruce Chertow, MD, Amy Music; Joyce Chung, MD, Diane Falcon; Joshua Cohen, MD, Mary Ellen Wolf; Louis Cohen, MD, Janie Coffman; Frank Cole, MD, Amber Brooks-Wolfe; Lydia Corn, MD, Janie Coffman; George Dailey, MD, Charlotte Sanborn; Gregory Damberg, MD, Susan List; Jaime Davidson, MD, Donna Flanders; Mayer Davidson, MD, Selena Alvarez; Harry Delcher, MD, Adrian Dobs, MD, Ann Munson; Edward Domurat, MD, Sheri Loke; Daniel Donovan, MD, Carlos Lopez; Laurie Edelman, MD, Nicky O'Connor; Charles Eil, MD; Samer Eldeiry, MD, Michael Kane; Philip Emrie, MD, Ann Muldrow; John Evans, MD, Karen Anderson; Mark Feinglos, MD, Jennifer English; Robert Ferraro, MD; Anthony Firek, MD, Grace Ding; Ira Fishman, MD; Charles Fogarty, MD, Sherry Yeisley; Leon Fogelfeld, MD, Shilpa Shah; Bruce Francis, MD, Candace Idso, Beth Miller; Miguel Franco, MD, Nanette Carr; Almena Free, MD, Patti Alexander; Robert Gabbay, MD, John Gilbert, MD, Karie Nguyen; Barry Goldstein, MD, Lori Conley; G.M. Gollapudi, MD, Vimal Tanega; Stephen Grubb, MD, Holly Blackwood; George Grunberger, MD, Carmen Licavoli; Burritt Haag, MD, Celeste Silva; Steven Haffner, MD, Arlene Martinez; Michael Hagan, MD, Connie Hamilton; Kathleen Hall, MD; Bruce Hamilton, MD, Greg Kuzbida; Israel Hartman, MD, Nikki Lindsey; Joseph Hawkins, Jr. MD, Carolyn Okamoto; Andrea Hayes, MD, Cheryl Glass, Heather Tarrant; Amy Meiers, William John Henry, MD, Sharon Van Patton; Bruce Henson, MD, Lauren Gray; Thomas Higgins, MD, Eileen Milton; Robert Hippert, DO, Angie Raker; Irl Hirsch, MD, Pam Thomson; Pricilla Hollander, MD, Sue Shor; Jennifer Hone, MD, Cheri Casey; Peter Honig, MD, Laurie Jameson; E. Walter Hood, MD, Lani Mogilevich; Randall Huling, MD, Kerry Moore; Ali Iranmanesh, MD, Christy Florow; Stephanie Jackson, MD; Adesh Jain, MD; Rajeev Kumar Jain, MD, Debra Kasprzak; John Jennings, MD, Anthony Firek, MD, Grace Ding; Stephaine Jocums, MD, Connie Spiller; Lisa Johnson, MD, Amy Campbell; Jann Johnston, MD; Steven Kahn, MB ChB, Brenda Montgomery; Charkravarthy Kannan, MD, Sini Koshy-Hunt; Stuart Kauffman, MD; Robert Kaufmann, MD, Shirley Wiley; Todd Kaye, MD, Paula Whited; William Kaye, MD, Nelly Delgado; Howard Kerstein, MD, Judy Recht; Boris Kerzner, MD, Thin Thin Mencarini; Rashid Khairi, MD, Brenda Shultz; Ellen Kim, MD, Janey Troy; Murray Kimmel, MD, Ruth Holt; Michael Kleerekoper, MD, Barbara Lloyd; Thomas Knecht, MD, Jeannie Farnsworth, Golnush Sharafsaleh; Mark Kutner, MD, Maria Soto; Fernando Larach, MD, Kim McCown; Anne Leddy, MD, Mary Carter; Philip Levin, MD, Karen Klein; Ronald Lewis, MD, Colleen Stutes; Angelo Licata, MD, Mary Corl; Daniel Lorber, MD, Maria Patruno; Catherine Lowder, MD, Beth Stenger; Antoinette Mangione, Kathy Tranauskis; David Mansfield, MD, Matt Bullock; Thomas Marbury, MD; Eric Marks MD, Matt Bullock; Umesh Masharani, MD; Ramesh Mathur, MD; Ronald Mayfield, MD; R. Eric McAllister, MD; Dennis McCluskey, MD, Margie McCormick, Patti Schisler; Janet McGill, MD, Sarah Kissel; Luigi Fernando Meneghini, MD, Olga Machado; Mellisa Meredith, MD, Connie Trantow; John Merenich, MD, Deanna Kurz; Nicholas Messina, III, MD, Dale Adams; B. Robert Meyer, MD, Cassia Charles; Edward, Meyer, MD; Alan Miller, MD, Jessica Tapia; David Morin, MD, Amy Dye; Anthony Morrison, MD, Anne Howley; Lawrence Mulmed, MD, Mary Steele; Daniel Nadeau, MD, Ronda Beyers; Jerry Nadler, MD, Harriette Wheatley; Margarita Nunez, MD, Pam Strong; Leann Olansky, MD, Bettie Burton; Philip Orlander, MD; R. Zorba Paster, MD; Andre Patron, DO, Eric Serfer; Samuel Peeples, MD, Suzanne Griffith; Mahfooz Peshimam, MD, Connie Hill; Lawrence Phillips, MD, Peggy Jenkins; David Podlecki, MD, Marsha Hibberd; Leonid Poretsky, MD, Marina Krymskaya; Matthew Portz, MD, Suzanne Holback; Manuel Quinones, MD, Dr. Eriniquez; Phillip Raskin, MD, Soma Abraham; Robert Ratner, MD, Evelyn Robinson; Charles Reasner, MD, Magda Ortiz; Marc Rendell, MD, Dave Gleeson; Jane Reusch, MD, Alicia Mattson; Stephen Richardson, MD, Halia Melnyk; Deborah Richmond, MD, Elizabeth Spencer; Julio Rosenstock, MD, Lisa Mize; Lance Rudolph, MD, Sheri Romero; Joseph Salvatore, MD; Andrew Savin, MD, Laura Cunningham; Timothy Schmidt, MD, Yvonne Chase; Sherwyn Schwartz, MD, Cindy Rivali; Marc Seltman, MD; Gregory Serfer, DO, Eric Serfer; Morali Sharma, MD, Debra Nichols, Madonna Pool; John Sheehan, MD, Margaret Ulchaker; Leslie Sheeler, MD; Henry Sideropoulos, MD, Shameema Ahmed; William Smith, MD, Terry McCormick; James Snyder, MD, Amy Spencer; Norman Soler, MD, Kelly Powel; Craig Spellman, MD, Enisa Arslanagic; Evan Stein, MD, Dessy Dimova; Martin Stevens, MD, Justin Schoeder; John Stokes, MD; Lisa Stone, MD, Joan Horner; Larry Stonesifer, MD, Heather Perdue; Mark Strauss, MD; Isaac Tam, MD, Billie Courtney; Joanna Tan, MD, Christian Araya; Ileana Tandron, MD, Michelle Fernandez; Andrew Thieneman, MD, Sheryl Davis; Stephen Thomson, MD, Laura Hulse; Raymond Tidman, MD, Deborah Allen; Stuart Topkis, DO, Cheryl Collins; David Van Sickle, MD, Michelle Manhart; Jack Wahlen, MD, Bonnie Wahlen; Mervyn Weerasinghe, MD, Lydia St. Hilaire; Richard Weinstein, MD, Sally Crain; Ruth Weinstock, MD, Susan Carusone; Jeffrey Whitmer, MD, Patti Krotchen; Steven Wittlin, MD, Mary Kelly; Carol Wysham, MD, Lynn Maxwell; Jose Yanez, MD, Jean Gaddis; Franklin Zieve, MD, Ann Grimsdale; Randall Zusman, MD, Beverly Buczynski; Alan Zweben, MD, Sandy Happy, Deborah Dougherty.

Steven Kahn, MB, ChB, Giancarlo Viberti, MD (co-chairs), Martin Freed, MD, Steven Haffner, MD, William Herman, MD, Rury Holman, MD, Nigel Jones, MA, John Lachin, ScD, Bernard Zinman, MDCM.

Marian Fisher, PhD, Alan Garber, MD, PhD (co-chairs), Professor John Fuller, Professor Henry Dargie, Daniel Levy, MD, Ellen Roecker, PhD.

Caroline Aitken, Deborah Andrew, Rosemary Fowler, Mark Heise, Karen Huckel, Josephine Koskinas, Barbara Kravitz, Leslie Nosek, Colleen O'Neill, Lisa Porter, Jacqueline Richards, Yijun Sun, Doreen Woodward, Samantha Wright, Dahong Yu.