To fabricate a virtual shape into the real world, the physical strength of the shape is an important consideration. We introduce a framework to consider both the strength and complexity of 3D frame structures. The key to the framework is a stress-oriented

This paper proposes a fully adaptive method to estimate the probability density function (PDF) of the responses for stochastic structures under static and dynamic loads. The PDF is described by a recently published direct probability integral method

The unavoidable heterogeneity in the mechanical characteristics of concrete is widely acknowledged. Although it is widely considered as either perfectly correlated or entirely independent random variables in engineering practice; however, such treatment

In this paper we propose failure probabilities as a semantically and mechanically meaningful measure of object fragility. We present a stochastic finite element method which exploits fast rigid body simulation and reduced-space approaches to compute